四川康定力丘河流域景观格局变化及驱动力分析  

Analysis on landscape pattern change and driving forces of Liqiu River basin in Kangding,Sichuan Province

作　　者：唐明坤[1] 陈治兴 郑夕平 刘亮 王旭明 李波 付志玺 贾玉珍[1] 王新[1] TANG Mingkun;CHEN Zhixing;ZHENG Xiping;LIU Liang;WANG Xuming;LI Bo;FU Zhixi;JIA Yuzhen;WANG Xin(Ecological Restoration and Conservation on Forest and Wetland Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Academy of Forestry,Chengdu 610081,China;Sichuan Environmental Monitoring Center,Chengdu 610074,China;College of Life Science,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610101,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省林业科学研究院,森林和湿地生态恢复与保育四川省重点实验室,成都610081 [2]四川省生态环境监测总站,成都610074 [3]四川师范大学生命科学学院,成都610101

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2025年第2期13-20,共8页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目2022YFS0483;四川省基本科研项目2023JBKY10;力丘河流域生态调查与影响评价项目202280;四川省林业科学研究院横向科研项目2024HXKY-2-08;饲草创新团队专项建设资金项目SCCXTD-2025-16。

摘　　要：力丘河是雅砻江中游重要支流,在区域社会经济发展和雅砻江水电建设背景下,开展力丘河流域景观格局研究,探讨流域景观变化驱动因素,对流域生态保护具有重要意义。基于流域2006年和2022年两时期景观分布数据,利用ArcGIS和Fragstats软件平台开展研究,结果表明:(1)灌丛、草地和森林是流域景观的主要成分,灌丛分布面积最大,森林平均斑块面积最大,草地斑块数量和密度最高;(2)2006—2022年研究区景观类型属性发生变化的斑块面积2390.06 hm^(2)、占研究区的0.46%,森林、灌丛、草地、湿地等自然景观向城镇、农田人工景观转移,城镇景观面积增加2172.10 hm^(2)、增幅166.01%;(3)灌丛、草地、其他和森林的斑块分散程度低、斑块邻接程度高,草地斑块混合度最高,湿地斑块的形状和边缘褶皱程度最复杂、斑块连接度最高,农田和城镇斑块的形状和边缘最简单,斑块离散程度较高;16年来流域景观斑块数量增加、平均斑块面积下降,同类斑块更加分散、混合度增加、功能性连接减弱,导致流域景观破碎度、均匀度和多样性均呈上升趋势;人类活动范围扩张和强度增加是流域景观变化的主要驱动因素。基于上述结果,提出合理控制、科学规划流域建设用地,减缓人类干扰扩张等措施,以维持力丘河流域的景观稳定。Liqiu River is an important tributary of the middle reaches of Yalong River.Under the background of regional socio-economic development and Yalong River hydropower construction,it is of great significance to study the landscape pattern change of Liqiu River basin and explore the driving factors of landscape change.Based on the landscape distribution data of Liqiu River basin in 2006 and 2022,the research was conducted by using ArcGIS and Fragstats software platforms.The results showed that:(1)Shrub,grassland,and forest were the main components of the watershed landscape,with the largest distribution area of shrub,the largest average patch area of forests,and the highest patch number and density of grassland.(2)From 2006 to 2022,the patch area with changed landscape type attributes in the study area was 2390.06 hm^(2),accounting for 0.46%of the study area.Natural landscapes such as forest,shrub,grassland,and wetland were transferred to artificial landscapes such as urban land and farmland,and the area of urban landscape increased by 2172.10 hm^(2),with an increase of 166.01%.(3)The patches of shrub,grassland,unused land,and forest had low dispersion and high adjacency.Grassland patches had the maximum mixedness.Wetland patches had the most complex shapes and edge folds,and the highest connectivity.The shape and edge of farmland and urban land patches were the simplest,and the patch dispersion degree was higher.In the past 16 years,the number of landscape patches in the basin had increased,while the average patch area had decreased.Patches of the same landscape type had become more dispersed,mixed,and functionally disconnected,resulting in an upward trend in the fragmentation,evenness,and diversity of the basin landscape.The expansion and increase in intensity of human activities were the main driving factors for landscape change in the basin.Based on the above results,reasonable control and scientific planning of construction land,as well as measures to mitigate human interference and expansion,are put forward to

关 键 词：雅砻江 力丘河 景观指数 流域保护 FRAGSTATS 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]