近代华北乡村的农牧纠纷与官民应对  

Agricultural and pastoral disputes in modern rural areas of North China and their response by officials and civilians

作　　者：张松梅[1] 王洪兵[2] Zhang Songmei;Wang Hongbing

机构地区：[1]青岛市委党校经济学教研部,山东青岛266071 [2]中国海洋大学中国社会史研究所,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《东岳论丛》2025年第3期90-99,191,192,共12页DongYue Tribune

摘　　要：近代以来,放牧牲畜成为华北农耕区域乡民的重要经济来源。然而,随着人口剧增、生态恶化,华北乡村适宜放牧的空间急剧萎缩,乡民迫不得已在田间地头放牧,牲畜践食庄稼的事件时有发生,农牧矛盾频发,成为诱发乡村社会秩序危机的重要源头。为解决放牧引发的民间纠纷,华北村庄通过组建青苗会的方式,雇用看青人看护庄稼,预防牲畜践踏庄稼。对于乡村社会的农牧纠纷,州县政府迫于治理资源的限度,委权村庄青苗会维持农业生产秩序,村庄与国家围绕乡村治理的共同使命建立起密切协作关系。Since modern times,grazing livestock has become an important economic source for rural residents in the agricultural regions of North China.However,with the rapid population increase and ecological deterioration,the space suitable for grazing in the rural areas of North China has shrunk dramatically.Villagers have no choice but to graze in the fields,and incidents of livestock eating crops occur from time to time.The frequent conflicts between agriculture and animal husbandry have become an important source of triggering social order crises in rural areas.In order to resolve civil disputes caused by grazing,villages in North China have established Qingmiao Association of the youth and hired them to guard crops and prevent livestock from trampling on them.For agricultural and pastoral disputes in rural society,the state and county governments,under the constraint of limited governance resources,have entrusted the village Qingmiao Association to maintain agricultural production order,and the village and the state have established a close cooperative relationship around the common mission of rural governance.

关 键 词：华北区域 生态环境 农牧纠纷 青苗会 乡村治理 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]