基于验潮站和GNSS的SWOT近海海面高数据精度评估  

Precision evaluation of nearshore sea surface height data from SWOT based on tide gauge and GNSS

作　　者：彭启龙 PENG Qilong(Shanghai Huiyuan Surveying and Mapping Company Limited,Shanghai 200125,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市汇源测绘院有限公司,上海200125

出　　处：《北京测绘》2025年第4期443-449,共7页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

摘　　要：本文旨在评估表面水体和海洋地形测量(SWOT)卫星近海海面高观测数据的精度,结合验潮站和全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)数据分析其在不同距离范围内的表现。研究对验潮站和SWOT数据进行去均值处理,计算相对海面高,并结合GNSS数据计算绝对海面高,以全面评估SWOT观测数据的精度和可靠性。结果表明,SWOT数据在近距离(5 km和10 km)范围内与验潮站数据高度一致,误差较小。随着距离的增加,尤其在15 km和20 km处,由于海面高度变化超出验潮站监测范围,二者的差异显著增大。在绝对海面高评估中,结合GNSS数据进行计算,结果同样显示SWOT数据在近距离内精度较高,而远离验潮站时差异增大,但这主要归因于海面高的区域性变化。本研究为SWOT卫星相对和绝对海面高数据的精度评估提供了有力支持,并为其在沿海和远海区域的应用提供了重要参考。This paper aims to evaluate the precision of sea surface height observation data from the surface water and ocean topography(SWOT) satellite in nearshore areas.The evaluation was conducted by combining tide gauge and global navigation satellite system(GNSS) data to analyze the performance of SWOT data over different distance ranges.The study removed the mean values from the tide gauge and SWOT data to calculate relative sea surface height and then combined GNSS data to compute the absolute sea surface height,providing a comprehensive assessment of the precision and reliability of SWOT observations.The results indicate that SWOT data is highly consistent with tide gauge data in near distances(5 and 10 km) with minimal error.However,as the distance increases,particularly at 15 and 20 km,the differences become significantly larger due to the sea surface height changes that exceed the monitoring range of the tide gauge.In the absolute sea surface height evaluation,the results also show that SWOT data achieves higher precision at closer distances,while the differences grow with distance,mainly due to regional variations in sea surface height.This study provides strong support for the precision evaluation of both relative and absolute sea surface height data from the SWOT satellite and offers important references for its application in coastal and offshore regions.

关 键 词：表面水体和海洋地形测量(SWOT) 海面高 验潮站 全球卫星导航系统(GNSS) 

分 类 号：P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]