铜/铝异种金属管接头的高频感应钎焊工艺及性能提升  

High-frequency Induction Brazing Process and Performance Improvement of Copper/Aluminum Dissimilar Metal Pipe Joints

作　　者：罗寿根 黄魏青 刘金湘 车兴涛 黄世盛 余丁坤 乔雪 LUO Shougen;HUANG Weiqing;LIU Jinxiang;CHE Xingtao;HUANG Shisheng;YU Dingkun;QIAO Xue(Zhejiang Huaguang New Green Brazing Material Key Enterprise Research Institute,Hangzhou 3111002,China;Hangzhou Huaguang Welding New Material Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311100,China;Hangzhou Fucry Welding Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311100,hina)

机构地区：[1]浙江省华光新型绿色钎焊材料重点企业研究院,浙江杭州311100 [2]杭州华光焊接新材料股份有限公司,浙江杭州311100 [3]杭州孚晶焊接科技有限公司,浙江杭州311100

出　　处：《电焊机》2025年第4期100-106,133,共8页Electric Welding Machine

基　　金：浙江省“尖兵领雁+X”研发攻关计划(2024C01086)。

摘　　要：针对铜和铝异种金属管接头开发了高频感应钎焊工艺,重点关注不同加热位置及工艺参数对焊缝外观及熔深的影响。通过对比两种常用钎料(BAl67CuSi和BZn78Al22)的焊接效果,发现BZn78Al22钎料由于更低的熔点和更优的润湿性,更适合铜/铝异种金属的感应钎焊。分析了不同加热位置对钎料润湿性和焊缝成形的影响,确定了最佳加热位置:首段加热时,线圈底部与铝管顶部之间高度差为4~5 mm;二段加热时,线圈端面低于管座端面1 mm。此外,通过调整感应加热功率和时间,实现了分段加热控制,有效避免了母材熔蚀并提高了焊缝熔深。最终,采用优选的钎料和工艺参数获得的铜/铝异种金属感应钎焊接头,其焊缝熔深超过95%,致密性良好,且承压能力达到13.81 MPa,满足设计要求。该研究为铜铝异种金属管接头的高质量连接提供了理论依据和技术支持。A high-frequency induction brazing process for copper and aluminum dissimilar metal pipe joints was developed,focusing on the effects of different heating positions and process parameters on the appearance and penetration depth of the weld seam.Firstly,by comparing the welding effects of two commonly used brazing alloys(BAl67CuSi and BZn78Al22),it was found that the BZn78Al22 brazing alloy,due to its lower melting point and better wettability,is more suitable for induction brazing of copper/aluminum dissimilar metals.Secondly,the influence of different heating positions on the wettability of the brazing alloy and the formation of the weld seam was analyzed,and the optimal heating position was determined:during the first stage of heating,the height difference between the bottom of the coil and the top of the aluminum pipe is 4~5 mm;during the second stage of heating,the end face of the coil is 1 mm lower than the end face of the pipe seat.In addition,by adjusting the induction heating power and time,segmented heating control was achieved,effectively avoiding parent material melting and improving weld penetration depth.Finally,the copper/aluminum dissimilar metal induction brazed joint obtained using the selected brazing alloy and process parameters has a weld penetration depth exceeding 95%,good compactness,and a pressure-bearing capacity of 13.81 MPa,meeting the design requirements.This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for high-quality connections of copper and aluminum dissimilar metal pipe joints.

关 键 词：铜/铝异种金属 感应钎焊 锌铝钎料 加热位置 工艺参数 熔深 

分 类 号：TG454[金属学及工艺—焊接]