儿童过敏免疫诊疗中心/过敏免疫门诊规范化建设专家共识  

Expert consensus on the standardized construction of pediatric allergy and immunology diagnosis and treatment center/allergy and immunology outpatient department

作　　者：中华医学会儿科学分会临床营养学组 中国妇幼保健协会儿童营养专业委员会 中国优生科学协会妇幼健康管理分会 洪莉[2] 陈同辛[2] 何珊[3] 金莹莹[4] 金志娟[5] 潘莉雅[6] 吴巾红 邬宇芬[8] The Subspecialty Group of Clinical Nutrition,the Society of Pediatrics,Chinese Medical Association;Children's Nutrition Professional Committee,China Maternal and Child Health Association;The Society of Maternal and Child Health Management,China Healthy Birth Science Association;Hong Li;Chen Tongxin(不详;Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200127,China)

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心,上海200127 [3]上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心耳鼻咽喉科 [4]上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心风湿/免疫科 [5]上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心发育行为儿科 [6]上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心营养科 [7]上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心综合儿科 [8]上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心呼吸科

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2025年第4期246-261,共16页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2023YFC2706505,2023YFF1104301);福建省卫生健康重大科研专项(2022ZD01007)。

摘　　要：过敏性疾病已成为儿童多发病、常见病,严重影响儿童的生活质量,并涉及多个系统受累,症状往往同时存在。传统上我国儿童过敏性疾病往往分散于不同的专科诊治,临床上存在着治疗标准随意性、漏诊、误诊、处理不当或诊断过度并存的情况,并且患儿多因不同系统同时受累而奔波于不同科室之间,造成医疗资源的浪费。虽然我国儿科过敏免疫专科已开始兴起,但尚处于起步阶段,属于新兴学科,存在着专科医师相对缺少、多为不同专业转行而来、缺少系统培训等问题,因此如何建设规范的儿童过敏免疫诊疗中心/过敏免疫门诊是亟需解决的问题。中华医学会儿科学分会临床营养学组、中国妇幼保健协会儿童营养专业委员会和中国优生科学协会妇幼健康管理分会组织过敏免疫相关专业(包括过敏免疫科、耳鼻咽喉科、皮肤科、呼吸科、消化科、营养科和儿童保健科等)专家,综合国内外文献制订了本共识,从门诊功能、门诊类型、人员配置、临床诊治能力提升、相关功能平台和治疗平台建设、长期管理等方面提出12条专家共识。本共识以过敏免疫诊疗中心临床实践经验为基础,全面系统地阐述了如何建设规范的儿童过敏免疫门诊,对于及时发现、诊断和治疗儿童过敏性疾病具有重要意义,同时为把我国儿童过敏免疫专科建成国际先进学科打下基础。Allergic diseases have become common and prevalent among children,significantly affecting their quality of life and involving multiple systems,often with simultaneous symptoms.Traditionally,allergic diseases in children in our country have been treated in various specialized departments,leading to arbitrary treatment standards,missed diagnoses,misdiagnoses,inappropriate management,and excessive diagnoses coexisting in clinical practice.Furthermore,children often have to visit different departments due to involvement of multiple systems,resulting in a waste of medical resources.Although pediatric allergy and immunology specialties have begun to emerge in our country,they are still in their infancy,classified as an emerging discipline.There are issues such as a relative shortage of specialized doctors,most of whom transition from different fields,and a lack of systematic training.Therefore,establishing standardized children′s allergy and immunology diagnosis and treatment centers/allergy and immunology outpatient department is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed.The Subspecialty Group of Clinical Nutrition,the Society of Pediatrics,Chinese Medical Association,Children′s Nutrition Professional Committee,China Maternal and Child Health Association and The Society of Maternal and Child Health Management,China Healthy Birth Science Association organized experts from relevant specialties(including allergy and immunology,otolaryngology,dermatology,respiratory medicine,gastroenterology,nutrition,and child healthcare)to develop this consensus based on a comprehensive review of domestic and international literature.Twelve expert consensus are proposed from aspects such as outpatient functions,types of outpatient services,personnel configuration,enhancement of clinical diagnosis and treatment capabilities,construction of relevant functional and treatment platforms,and long-term management.This consensus is based on clinical practice experiences of allergy and immunology diagnosis and treatment centers,providing a

关 键 词：儿童 过敏/免疫 门诊 规范化 共识 

分 类 号：R725.9[医药卫生—儿科]