车轮非圆化磨耗对地铁轨道部件动态载荷的影响研究  

Research on the Influence of Track Wheel Polygonal Wear on the Dynamic Load of Track Components

作　　者：张晗[1] 关庆华[1] ZHANG Han;GUAN Qinghua(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《机械》2025年第4期37-44,共8页Machinery

基　　金：四川省科技计划(2023NSFSC0399)。

摘　　要：为探究车轮非圆化磨耗对地铁轨道系统动力响应的影响,通过建立轮轨耦合有限元模型及车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,计算分析了轨道垂向振动特性及车轮多边形磨耗对轨道系统振动响应和应力的影响。明确了对轨道系统振动响应和应力影响较大的车轮多边形磨耗的敏感阶次,并分析了敏感阶次车轮多边形磨耗幅值对轨道系统振动响应和应力的影响规律。研究结果表明:轮轨系统P2共振对轨道垂向振动特性有显著影响;激励频率与轮轨系统P2共振频率接近的车轮多边形磨耗对钢轨及道床的振动响应影响较大;激励频率与轮轨系统P2共振频率接近的车轮多边形磨耗同样会对钢轨及道床的应力产生较大影响;随着敏感阶次车轮多边形磨耗幅值的减小,轨道系统振动响应与应力均呈线性趋势下降。To explore the impacts of wheel polygonal wear on the dynamic response of track systems,a wheel-rail coupling finite element model and a vehicl-track coupled dynamics model are established to calculate and analyze the vertical vibration characteristics of track and the influence of wheel polygonal wear on the vibration response and stress of the tack system.The sensitive order of wheel polygonal wear,which has a significant impact on the vibration response and stress of the track system,is identified,and the influence of the amplitude of wheel polygonal wear on the vibration response and stress of the track system is analyzed.The results indicate that the P2 resonance of wheel rail system has a significant impact on the vertical vibration characteristics.The wheel polygonal wear,at an order where the excitation frequency is close to the P2 resonance frequency of the wheel-rail system,influences the vibration acceleration of both rails and track beds significantly.Additionally,wheel polygonal wear,at which order where the excitation frequency is close to the P2 resonance frequency of the wheel-rail system,also significantly affects the stress levels in rails and track beds.As the amplitude of wheel polygonal wear at sensitive order decreases,the vibration response and stress of the track system show a linear trend of decrease.

关 键 词：地铁列车 车轮非圆化磨耗 车辆-轨道动力学 轨道振动响应 轨道应力 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]