基于区域计数法的钢轨打磨砂轮磨损程度及寿命估计方法研究  

Research on the Wear and Life Evaluation Method for Rail Grinding Wheels Using Area-based Counting Method

作　　者：何喆 刘尚昆 刘传 高春雷 何国华 HE Zhe;LIU Shangkun;LIU Chuan;GAO Chunlei;HE Guohua(Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory for Track Technology of High-speed Railway,China Academy of Railway Sciences Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司高速铁路轨道系统全国重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《机械》2025年第4期59-64,共6页Machinery

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(J2022G001);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司院基金课题(2023YJ206)。

摘　　要：砂轮整体的磨损是砂轮表面单颗磨粒普遍磨钝的结果。根据该思路,提出一种基于区域计数法的钢轨打磨砂轮磨损程度估计方法。该方法依据钢轨打磨砂轮在使用过程中磨粒的磨损现象,统计划定区域内不同磨损形式的磨粒数量,进而对打磨砂轮磨损程度与寿命进行近似估计。其基本原理为:前期通过对钢轨打磨砂轮的表面观测,将钢轨打磨过程中砂轮的磨损现象分为钝化、破碎、脱落三种形式,且发生不同磨损形式的磨粒数量与砂轮的磨损程度基本呈一次线性关系,通过对划定区域内不同磨损形式的磨粒数量进行加权计算,得出磨损程度与砂轮的剩余寿命。经试验验证,采用该方法预测砂轮寿命的误差为-4.59%左右,在一定程度上能够评估砂轮的磨损程度与剩余寿命。The overall wear of the grinding wheel is results from the general blunting of the single abrasive grit on the grinding wheel surface.Based on this idea,an evaluation method for the rail grinding wheels wear by applying the area-based counting method is proposed.This method collects the number of the grits of each wear model within selected areas,and then furtherly evaluates the wear and residual life of the grinding wheels.Its basic principle is as follows:through the grinding wheel surface observation in the early stage,the wear of the grinding wheel during the rail grinding can be divided into three models-abrasion,fracture and pull-off-which exhibite a basically linear relationship with the grinding wheel wear.Through the weighted calculation on the number of the grits with different wear models in selected area,the grinding wheel wear and residual life are derived.The results show that the error in predicting the grinding wheel life is around-4.59%,which enables the evaluation of the wear and residual life of the grinding wheels to a certain extent.

关 键 词：磨削加工 钢轨打磨 砂轮磨损 计数统计 

分 类 号：TG73[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具]