聚氨酯涂层对碳纤维复合材料层合板抗冲击性能的影响研究  

Research on the Impact Resistance of Polyurethane Coating on Carbon Fiber Composite Laminates Performance Impact Study

作　　者：王令军 苏仰旋 熊伟[2] 臧晨阳 徐东辉 WANG Lingjun;SU Yangxuan;XIONG Wei;ZANG Chenyang;XU Donghui(National Innovation Center of High Speed Train,Qingdao 266109,China;Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track Ministry of Education,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]国家高速列车青岛技术创新中心,山东青岛266109 [2]中南大学轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2025年第2期6-12,66,共8页Rolling Stock

基　　金：山东省重大科技创新工程计划(2021ZDPT02)。

摘　　要：根据碳纤维复合材料在轨道交通领域面临的局部高速冲击场景,开展了聚氨酯涂层碳纤维复合材料抗硬物冲击损伤的数值仿真研究,通过对不同厚度聚氨酯涂层的碳纤维复合材料进行高速异物冲击研究,得到了聚氨酯涂层厚度与异物冲击速度对碳纤维复合材料抗冲击性能的影响规律。对比分析了不同冲击条件下聚氨酯涂层碳纤维复合材料层合板的损伤形貌、损伤面积、冲击力、侵彻深度、能量耗散分布等关键冲击指标,得到了在小能量异物高速冲击条件下,聚氨酯涂层对碳纤维复合材料层合板的抗冲击性能显著增强。研究发现:在给定冲击能量下,当聚氨酯涂层厚度为2 mm、异物冲击速度为350 km/h时,碳纤维复合材料层合板冲击损伤面积可以降低73.85%、冲击力下降18.05%、背板变形量降低5.16%。In order to address the local high-speed impact scenarios faced by carbon fiber composites in the field of rail transit,a numerical simulation study on the impact damage resistance of polyurethane-coated carbon fiber composites to hard objects was carried out.Through the research of high-speed foreign object impact on carbon fiber composites with polyurethane coatings of different thicknesses,the influence of polyurethane coating thickness and foreign object impact velocity on the impact resistance of carbon fiber composites was determined.The damage morphology,damage area,impact force,penetration depth,energy dissipation distribution and other key impact indexes of polyurethane-coated carbon fiber composite laminates under various impact conditions were compared and analyzed.The polyurethane coating significantly enhances the impact resistance of carbon fiber composite laminates under the high-speed impact of low-energy foreign matter.It is found that under a given impact energy,when the thickness of polyurethane coating is 2 mm and the impact velocity of foreign matter is 350 km/h,the impact damage area of carbon fiber composite laminate can be reduced by 73.85%,the impact force can be reduced by 18.05%,and the deformation of the back sheet can be reduced by 5.16%.

关 键 词：聚氨酯涂层 碳纤维复合材料 冲击仿真 抗冲击性能 

分 类 号：U270.2[机械工程—车辆工程]