钢轨打磨铁屑清理技术研究及装备研制  

Research on Technology of Removing Iron Filings Left by Rail Grinding and Development of Equipment

作　　者：赵国栋 吴庆立 刘振军 张妍 王文斌 张英 ZHAO Guodong;WU Qingli;LIU Zhenjun;ZHANG Yan;WANG Wenbin;ZHANG Ying(Taiyuan CRRC Times Rail Engineering Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030027,China;China Railway Taiyuan Group Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030013,China)

机构地区：[1]太原中车时代轨道工程机械有限公司,山西太原030027 [2]中国铁路太原局集团有限公司,山西太原030013

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2025年第2期161-169,共9页Rolling Stock

摘　　要：为实现高速铁路无砟线路打磨铁屑的机械化清理,通过对打磨铁屑物理特性、分布状态等进行分析研究,提出了“扫吸+磁吸+剥离+冲洗”的铁屑清理技术方法。经过对扫吸装置、磁吸装置等关键清理装置的技术研究及测试验证,结合整车总体性能研究,对车体、动力单元、转向架、电气系统、制动系统性、扫吸装置、磁吸装置及水系统集成研究及设计,完成了打磨铁屑清理车的研制。研制的打磨铁屑清理车采用扫吸装置实现颗粒状铁屑的自动清理收集,采用磁吸装置实现块状铁屑自动清理收集,通过高压小流量水剥离和低压大流量水冲洗技术实现了轨腰、扣件等粘附部位铁屑的剥离和轨道板表面铁屑的冲洗。扫吸装置、磁吸装置及水系统可独立控制,针对不同作业工况,采用不同组合模式,实现打磨铁屑的彻底清理,可避免铁屑清理作业过程二次扬尘,保障作业人员职业健康,实现打磨铁屑机械化清理。样机试制完成后,按铁路大型养路机械检查与试验方法和铁屑清理性能研究试验大纲开展了相关试验。试验结果表明,车辆性能满足铁路大型养路机械通用技术条件要求,铁屑清理性能满足测试大纲规定。Based on an analysis and study of the physical characteristics and distribution state of iron filings,a cleaning method including the steps of sweeping suction,magnetic suction,stripping,and washing is proposed in order to realize mechanized cleaning of iron filings on ballastless lines of high-speed railways.The iron filing cleaning vehicle has been developed and manufactured following the technical research and verification of key cleaning devices,such as sweeping suction devices and magnetic suction devices,and combining with the overall performance research of the whole vehicle and integration research and design of the vehicle body,power unit,bogie,electrical system,braking system,sweeping suction device,magnetic suction device and water system.This iron filing cleaning vehicle uses a sweeping suction device to automatically clean and collect granular iron filings,and a magnetic suction device to automatically clean and collect block iron filings.The utilization of small-flow,high-pressure water stripping technology and large-flow,low-pressure water washing technology facilitates the removal of iron filings from rail slabs and adhesive components such as rail web and fasteners.The sweeping suction device,magnetic suction device,and water system can be independently controlled,and various combination modes can be adopted in accordance with diverse working conditions to achieve thorough removal of iron filings,thereby avoiding dust caused by the operation.This ensures the occupational health of workers and facilitates mechanized cleaning of iron filings.After the completion of the trial production of the prototype,relevant tests are carried out according to the inspection and test methods of large railway maintenance machinery and the research and test outline of iron filing cleaning performance.The results of the test indicate that the performance of the vehicle meets the general technical requirements of large railway maintenance machinery,and the iron filing cleaning performance meets the requirements of th

关 键 词：高速铁路 钢轨打磨 无砟线路 打磨铁屑 扫吸装置 磁吸装置 

分 类 号：U216[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]