弱胶结覆岩采动全过程导水裂隙带发育特征研究  

Study on the development characteristics of water conduction fracture zone in the whole mining process of weakly cemented overburden rock

作　　者：尹文斌 薄涛 杨江锋 蒋文兵 Yin Wenbin;Bo Tao;Yang Jiangfeng;Jiang Wenbing(Shaanxi Huadian Yuheng Coal and Electricity Co.,Ltd.,Yulin 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西华电榆横煤电有限责任公司,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《煤炭与化工》2025年第4期55-61,共7页Coal and Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42072284,42372297);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2023ZKPYSH01)。

摘　　要：导水裂隙带的发育特征和高度研究对于西部生态脆弱矿区的煤炭安全生产与地下水资源保护具有重要的意义。传统的钻孔电视、冲洗液漏失量观测等现场实测方法无法对采动全过程导水裂隙带的发育特征进行监测。鉴于此,考虑到西部侏罗系煤田中-大埋深、厚煤层、厚弱胶结顶板的特殊性,采用井下超前斜孔监测法研究了小纪汗煤矿2号煤层开采导水裂隙带采动全过程的发育规律,同时通过对回采高度、冲击地压微震和回采速度的辅助同步监测,对导水裂隙带的发育过程和空间形态进行了补充解释,发现2号煤采动时,导水裂隙带普遍超前发育,超前距104~150 m;导水裂隙带从运巷向工作面内部逐渐增大,在工作面中部裂隙发育高度达监测最大值,并推断出导水裂隙带在工作面倾向上为西低东高的不对称形态;导水裂隙带高度在50~80 m时导水性最强,垂高100 m以上为弱导水裂隙。研究成果可为类似矿井导水裂隙带发育特征的刻画提供理论指导和借鉴意义。The study on the development characteristics and height of water conduction fracture zone is of great significance for the safe production of coal and the protection of groundwater resources in the western ecologically fragile mining area.The traditional field measurement methods such as borehole TV and flushing fluid leakage observation can not monitor the development characteristics of water conduction fracture zone in the whole mining process.In view of this,considering the particularity of medium-large buried depth,thick coal seam and thick and weak cemented roof in the western Jurassic coalfield,the development law of the whole mining process of the water conduction fracture zone in No.2 coal seam of Xiaojihan Coal Mine was studied by using the underground advanced inclined hole monitoring method.At the same time,the development process and spatial form of the water conduction fracture zone were supplemented and explained by the auxiliary synchronous monitoring of the mining height,rockburst microseism and mining speed.It was found that the water conduction fracture zone was generally developed in advance during the mining of No.2 coal seam,and the advance distance was 104~150 m.The water conduction fracture zone gradually increased from the transport roadway to the inside of the working face,and the fracture development height in the middle of the working face reached the maximum value of monitoring,and it was inferred that the water conduction fracture zone was an asymmetric form with low west and high east in the tendency of the working face.When the height of the water conduction fracture zone was 50~80 m,the water conductivity was the strongest.And when the vertical height above 100 m,it was a weak water conduction fracture.The research results could provide theoretical guidance and reference for the characterization of the development characteristics of the water conduction fracture zone in similar mines.

关 键 词：西部煤矿区 导水裂隙带 覆岩破坏 超前斜孔监测法 经验公式 

分 类 号：TD74[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]