潮汐式育苗营养液循环灌溉系统设计  

Design of Circulating Irrigation System for Tidal Nursery Nutrient Solution

作　　者：朱锦新 范鹏飞 翟长远 高欣娜[3] 康艺凡[3] 王秀 Zhu Jinxin;Fan Pengfei;Zhai Changyuan;Gao Xinna;Kang Yifan;Wang Xiu(Institute of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;Intelligent Equipment Technology Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050041,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学农业工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]北京市农林科学院智能装备技术研究中心,北京100097 [3]石家庄市农林科学研究院,石家庄050041

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第8期84-91,共8页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(21327408D);石家庄市科技计划项目(231490822)。

摘　　要：我国水资源稀缺,传统农业灌溉水肥用量大,营养液利用率低,灌溉废液对环境污染大。针对以上问题,设计了一种潮汐式育苗营养液循环灌溉系统,以质量检测系统为灌溉依据,通过物联网监测平台采集现场各项环境数据,结合用户设置的灌溉参数,实现营养液的自动调配和智能灌溉。灌溉后的营养液通过营养液循环系统的过滤、消毒等一系列处理后回收到储液桶中备用,提高了水肥利用率,减少了环境污染。同时,对系统的硬件和软件进行了设计,结合了物联网技术,实现人机远距离的信息交互。制成样机后对系统进行测试分析,开展了称重传感器的标定校核试验和系统灌溉响应精度的试验。结果表明,质量与电流线性相关度高,称重传感器精确度较高;系统灌溉响应精度高,达到98%以上。系统能够较好地进行循环灌溉作业,作业过程稳定可靠,人机交互便捷,可为节水灌溉系统的设计提供一定的技术参考。Traditional agricultural irrigation consumes a large amount of water and fertiliser,the utilisation rate of nutrient solution is low,and irrigation waste liquid pollutes the environment.A tidal nutrient solution circulating irrigation system was designed to address the aforementioned issues.Based on the weight detection system,the system collected various environmental data on the spot via the Internet of Things monitoring platform,which was then combined with the irrigation parameters set by users to realise automatic nutrient solution allocation and intelligent irrigation.The irrigated nutrient solution was recycled to the liquid storage barrel for later use after a series of treatments in the nutrient solution circulation system,which improved the utilisation rate of water and fertiliser and reduces environmental pollution.The system’s hardware and software were designed,and Internet of Things technology was used to realise long-distance information interaction between man and machine.Following the creation of the prototype,the system was tested and analysed,as well as the calibration test of the weighing sensor and the irrigation response accuracy test of the system.The results of the tests showed that the linear correlation between weight and current was strong,and the weighing sensor was highly accurate.The system’s irrigation response precision was high,reaching over 98%.The system is capable of performing circulating irrigation operations well,with a stable and reliable operation process and simple man-machine interaction,and it can provide certain technical references for the design of water-saving irrigation systems.

关 键 词：潮汐式育苗 营养液循环 智能化灌溉 物联网技术 

分 类 号：S274.2[农业科学—农业水土工程]