小型穴盘苗移栽机空穴盘回收机构的设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Empty Tray Retrieval Mechanism of Small Cavity Tray Seedling Transplanting Machine

作　　者：周芹 李章彦 刘磊 文天拟 杨鑫宇 杨启志[1] Zhou Qin;Li Zhangyan;Liu Lei;Wen Tianni;Yang Xinyu;Yang Qizhi(School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学农业工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第8期99-104,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：宁夏重点研发计划重大项目(2018BBF02020);江苏省高校自然基金重点项目(19KJA430018);镇江市重点研发计划项目(现代农业)(NY2019015);江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究项目(20KJB416009)。

摘　　要：目前,小型移栽机大多未配置空穴盘回收机构,需人工捡拾掉落的空穴盘,造成一定程度上劳动力的增加,且已有空穴盘回收机构多适用于中大型移栽机,存在尺寸大、机械结构相对复杂等问题。为此,设计了一种适用于温室小型全自动移栽机的空穴盘回收机构,主要介绍和分析了机构的组成和工作原理,并完成了机构的结构设计和硬件选型。最终通过对空穴盘性能试验分析单次推盘个数和相对应的成功率,得到了最优单次推盘个数。试验结果表明:一次回收穴盘数量为3个效果最优,综合成功率为100%,空穴盘掉落到地面与栽植幼苗的最短距离均大于23 cm,不会造成压苗,满足使用要求。At present,most of the small transplanters are not equipped with an empty tray recovery mechanism,which requires manual picking up the fallen empty trays and increases the labor force to a certain extent,and the existing empty tray recovery mechanism is mostly applicable to medium and large transplanters,which has problems of large size and relatively complicated mechanical structure.This paper mainly introduced and analyzed the composition and working principle of the cavity tray recovery mechanism,and completed the structural design and hardware selection of the mechanism.Finally,the optimal number of empty trays was obtained by analyzing the number of trays pushed at one time and the corresponding success rate through the performance test of empty trays.The test results showed that the optimal number of trays was 3,the overall success rate was 100%,and the shortest distance between the empty trays and the planted seedlings was greater than 23 cm,which did not cause pressure on the seedlings and met the requirements of use.

关 键 词：温室小型移栽机 空穴盘 回收 输送带 

分 类 号：S223.92[农业科学—农业机械化工程]