气送式丹参排种器设计及排种特性仿真与试验  

Design of Pneumatic Seed Metering Device of Salvia Miltiorrhiza and Simulation and Test of Seed Metering Characteristics

作　　者：王龙龙 李明科 张佳乐 米桐桐 衣雪梅[1] 张卫国 Wang Longlong;Li Mingke;Zhang Jiale;Mi Tongtong;Yi Xuemei;Zhang Weiguo(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第8期158-166,共9页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBNY-210)。

摘　　要：为实现丹参气送式排种器精密排种,研究排种器结构对排种特性的影响规律,通过分析功能需求与现存问题,设计了丹参气送式排种器。运用DEM-CFD耦合仿真方法分析了不同进气压强、进气管段收缩角和波纹管段振幅条件下流体场、颗粒场和变异系数的变化规律。采用正交模拟试验得到了最佳排种参数,并进行了台架试验验证,结果表明:凹槽式充种轮、螺旋式供种管、分段式输种管和穹顶式分配器可满足丹参种粒的定量充种、均匀供种、连续输种和精密排种的播种作业要求。仿真结果揭示了种粒在分段式输种管内的分布规律,得到了最佳排种参数为进气压强8001.466 Pa、进气管段收缩角22.457°和波纹管段振幅3.628 mm。所设计的结构可实现精密排种,种粒损伤率低,可为气送式丹参排种器的设计提供理论参考。Designed a pneumatic seed metering device for Salvia miltiorrhiza with the aim of achieving precise seeding,based on the analysis of functional requirements and existing problems.DEM-CFD coupling simulation was employed to analyze the fluid field,particle field,and coefficient of variation under various inlet pressure,inlet pipe contraction angle,and bellows amplitude conditions.Simulation testing was conducted to determine the optimal seeding parameters,which were subsequently verified through bench testing.The results revealed that the grooved seed-filling wheel,spiral seed-feeding tube,segmented seed-feeding tube,and dome-type distributor fulfilled the requirements for quantitative seed-filling,uniform seed-feeding,continuous seed-feeding,and precision seeding of Salvia miltiorrhiza.The simulation results provided valuable insights into the distribution of seeds in the segmented seed tube,and the optimal seeding parameters were identified as follows:inlet pressure of 8001.466 Pa,inlet pipe contraction angle of 22.457°,and corrugated pipe amplitude of 3.628 mm.Bench testing demonstrated that the designed structure facilitated precision seeding with a low seed damage rate,offering a theoretical reference for the design of air-assisted Salvia miltiorrhiza seed metering device.

关 键 词：丹参 气送式排种器 排种特性 均匀性 精密性 

分 类 号：S233.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]