城镇净水厂A^(2)OA-MBR工艺关键膜污染组分识别及清洗  

Identification and cleaning of key membrane fouling components for A^(2)OA MBR in sewage purification plant

作　　者：匡科 孙伟 董嘉豪 林达超 王子源 杜星 KUANG Ke;SUN Wei;DONG Jiahao;LIN Dachao;WANG Ziyuan;DU Xing(Guangzhou Sewage Puification Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510627,China;School of Civil and Transportation Engineering,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市净水有限公司,广州510627 [2]广东工业大学土木与交通工程学院,广州510006

出　　处：《膜科学与技术》2025年第2期162-172,共11页Membrane Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助面上项目(52170070)。

摘　　要：针对华南地区某污水厂A^(2)OA-MBR工艺实际运行中关键膜污染组分的识别及维护性清洗问题开展研究,构建3组不同污泥质量浓度(6 000、8 000和12 000 mg/L)的膜生物反应器,连续运行60 d期间定期进行膜清洗。结果表明,微生物新陈代谢过程中分泌的胞外有机物是膜丝表面的主要污染物,以蛋白类有机物为主。由于除磷药剂的投加,膜表面同时存在以磷酸铝络合物为代表的无机污染物。定期用次氯酸钠反洗可以利用氧化作用洗脱一部分可逆污染物,但不可逆污染仍然会逐渐积累,形成厚实的污染层。洗脱后的有机污垢重新溶解进膜池浓缩液中,并在实验过程中持续积累;当反洗液次氯酸钠质量浓度从200 mg/L提高至400 mg/L时,膜池多糖类及蛋白类物质浓度分别增加了42%及15%,同时加剧了膜组件出水中相关污染物的泄漏风险。在长期运行过程中,次氯酸钠对膜面污染物的清洗效果逐渐变弱,并随着反应器内活性污泥浓度的增加,清洗效果削弱程度越明显.膜清洗时需特别注意减少对系统功能性细菌的影响。This study aims to identify the key components for membrane fouling and establish maintenance cleaning strategies for A^(2)OA MBR in sewage purification plants in southern China.Three membrane bioreactors with different sludge concentration(6000,8000 and 12000 mg/L)were established and then operated for 60 days.During filtration,membrane cleaning was regularly required.The results indicated that extracellular organic matters from microbial metabolism was the main foulants for membrane fouling,in which protein-like substances were dominant.Owing to the addition of coagulants,inorganic fouling(e.g.aluminum phosphate complexes)was also found in membrane fouling.Regular backwashing based on sodium hypochlorite could remove reversible membrane fouling by oxidation,but irreversible membrane fouling continuously accumulated,forming a dense fouling layer.The exfoliative reversible membrane fouling could be dissolved in concentrate and then accumulated during filtration.The concentration of polysaccharide-like and protein-like substances in concentrate was increased by 42%and 15%when the concentration of NaClO in cleaning solution was increased from 200 to 400 mg/L.With prolonging filtration time,the cleaning efficiency of sodium hypochlorite on membrane fouling was gradually weakened.Membrane fouling developed in bioreactors with more activated sludge was more likely to be removed.The negative influence of cleaning solution on functional bacteria in bioreactors should be avoided.

关 键 词：城镇净水厂 膜生物反应器 关键膜污染组分 维护性清洗 工艺优化 

分 类 号：TQ028[化学工程] TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]