不同宽深比理想U形峡谷风场特性数值模拟研究  

Numerical study on wind characteristics of ideal U-shaped canyon with different width-depth ratios

作　　者：靖洪淼 崔胜楠 李维康 乔明哲 赵万茹 许浩然 JING Hongmiao;CUI Shengnan;LI Weikang;QIAO Mingzhe;ZHAO Wanru;XU Haoran(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;Innovation Center for Wind Engineering and Wind Energy Technology of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;School of Civil Engineering,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering Safety Control,Ministry of Education,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China;Department of Railway Engineering,Shijiazhuang Institute of Railway Technology,Shijiazhuang 050041,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,石家庄050043 [2]河北省风工程和风能利用工程技术创新中心,石家庄050043 [3]石家庄铁道大学土木工程学院,石家庄050043 [4]石家庄铁道大学道路与铁道工程安全保障教育部重点实验室,石家庄050043 [5]石家庄铁路职业技术学院铁道工程系,石家庄050041

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2025年第8期175-183,共9页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52208494);河北省自然科学基金(E2024210037,E2021210063)。

摘　　要：山区峡谷地形多变,风场特性较平原地区更加复杂。为探究山区U形峡谷风场特性及其分布规律,采用大涡模拟方法对不同宽深比的理想U形峡谷进行了数值模拟,分析了峡谷内平均风特性、脉动风特性和流场。结果表明,峡谷宽深比对平均风特性和脉动风特性存在显著影响,随着峡谷宽深比的减小,峡谷中的平均风速逐渐减小,峡谷的加速效应减弱,峡谷底部中心风攻角由正逐渐减小为负,湍流强度逐渐增大。峡谷内部各个位置处的功率谱均与von Kármán谱吻合较好,宽深比为0.33峡谷中心处脉动风谱峰值频率最小,由于山的阻挡作用,宽深比小的峡谷入口前的气流更加剧烈,峡谷内部涡更大。各工况峡谷内湍流积分尺度随高度增加先增大后减小,在峡谷上方逐渐增大,随着峡谷宽深比增大,峡谷内各处湍流积分尺度变化逐渐变小。Terrain in mountain area is variable,where the wind characteristics are more complex than those in plain area.To further understand the wind characteristics in U-shaped canyon,a series of ideal U-shaped canyons were employed to study the mean and fluctuating wind characteristics,as well as the flow field,with different width-depth ratios based on large eddy simulation approach.The results indicate that the width-depth ratio had a significant influence on the wind characteristics.With the decrease of the width-depth ratio,the mean wind speed gradually decreases,the acceleration effect in the canyon weakens,the wind attack angle at the mid-bottom of the canyon slowly changes from positive to negative,while the turbulence intensity increases.The power spectra are in good agreement with the von Kármán spectrum,and the peak frequency of fluctuating wind spectrum at the center of the canyon is the smallest when the width-depth ratio is 0.33.Due to the blocking effect of mountains,the airflow in front of the entrance of the canyon with a small width-depth ratio is more intense,and the vortices inside the canyon are relatively larger.The turbulence integral scales in the canyon increases first and then decreases with the increase of height,and increases over the canyon.With the increase of the width-depth ratio,variation of the turbulence integral scale decreases in the canyon.

关 键 词：U形峡谷 宽深比 大涡模拟方法 风场特性 流场 

分 类 号：U442.59[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]