不同鲜食番茄品种对水分亏缺响应差异的综合分析  

Comprehensive Analysis of the Difference of Response of Different Tomato Varieties to Water Deficit

作　　者：王文选 刘明池[1,2,3] 陈婕 梁浩 谢龙 季延海 WANG Wenxuan;LIU Mingchi;CHEN Jie;LIANG Hao;XIE Long;JI Yanhai(Vegetable Research Institute,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097;National Vegetable Engineering Technology Research Center,Beijing 100097;North China Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100097)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所,北京100097 [2]国家蔬菜工程技术研究中心,北京100097 [3]农业农村部都市农业华北重点实验室,北京100097

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第8期25-34,共10页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-23-G-06);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项资助项目(KJCX20240407,KJCX20240405);北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所改革与发展资助项目(KYCX202306)。

摘　　要：以‘京番308’(JF308)、‘京番309’(JF309)、‘原味1号’(YW1)、‘光辉201’(GH201)、‘亚蔬006’(YS006)、‘亚蔬12’(YS12)、‘京采6号’(JC6)、‘京采8号’(JC8)为试材,分别采用正常灌溉(2.0 L)和亏缺灌溉(1.5 L和1.0 L),研究了8个鲜食高品质番茄对不同亏缺程度的响应以及品种适合进行的亏缺灌溉量,以期为番茄的品质提升和科学灌溉提供参考依据。结果表明:亏缺灌溉均会降低不同番茄品种生长指标和光合参数,不同番茄品种株高下降差异显著,1.5 L·d^(-1)和1.0 L·d^(-1)灌溉量下,对茎粗影响差异不显著,但对蒸腾速率抑制程度最大。随着亏缺程度的提高,JC8的维生素C含量提高程度最大,相较于2.0 L·d^(-1)灌溉量提高了143.92%。JF308的维生素C含量提高程度最少,相较于2.0 L·d^(-1)灌溉量提高了31.79%。不同番茄品种1.0 L·d^(-1)灌溉量的可溶性糖和可滴定酸含量较2.0 L·d^(-1)均有不同程度提高。亏缺灌溉对JF309单株产量影响较大,耐旱性也相对较弱,相较于1.5 L·d^(-1)灌溉量各个品种在1.0 L·d^(-1)时下降程度显著降低。主成分分析表明,维生素C和可溶性糖含量可以作为解释番茄品种在亏缺灌溉下差异的关键指标。JF308、YW1、GH201、YS006、JC6和JC8适合进行1.0 L·d^(-1)的亏缺灌溉,YS12适合进行1.5 L·d^(-1)的亏缺灌溉,1.0 L·d^(-1)时会降低其综合效益。JF309在亏缺下综合效益变化不大,可以通过亏缺灌溉来达到节水减肥的效果。实际生产中应针对不同品种选择对应的亏缺灌溉量,以实现在生长和产量降低程度较小的情况下提高番茄品质。Taking‘Jingfan 308’(JF308),‘Jingfan 309’(JF309),‘Yuanwei No.1’(YW1),‘Guanghui 201’(GH201),‘Yashu 006’(YS006),‘Yashu 12’(YS12),‘Jingcai 6’(JC6)and‘Jingcai 8’(JC8)as the test materials,normal irrigation(2.0 L)and deficit irrigation(1.5 L and 1.0 L)methods were used to study the response of eight fresh high-quality tomatoes to different levels of deficit and the appropriate deficit irrigation amount for each variety,in order to provide reference for tomato quality improvement and scientific irrigation.The results showed that deficit irrigation reduced the growth index and photosynthetic parameters of different tomato varieties,and the plant height of different tomato varieties decreased significantly.Under the irrigation amount of 1.5 L·d^(-1) and 1.0 L·d^(-1),the difference in stem diameter was not significant,but the transpiration rate was the most inhibited.With the increase of deficit degree,the vitamin C of JC8 increased the most,which was 143.92%higher than that of 2.0 L·d^(-1) irrigation.The vitamin C content of JF308 was the least increased,which was 31.79%higher than that of 2.0 L·d^(-1) irrigation.The soluble sugar and titratable acid content of 1.0 L·d^(-1) irrigation amount of different tomato varieties were improved to varying degrees compared with 2.0 L·d^(-1).The deficit irrigation had a greater impact on the yield per plant of JF309,and the drought tolerance was also relatively weak.Compared with the 1.5 L·d^(-1) irrigation amount,the degree of decline of each variety at 1.0 L·d^(-1) was significantly reduced.Principal component analysis showed that vitamin C and soluble sugar content could explain the key indexes of tomato varieties under deficit irrigation.JF308,YW1,GH201,YS006,JC6 and JC8 were suitable for deficit irrigation of 1.0 L·d^(-1),YS12 was suitable for deficit irrigation of 1.5 L·d^(-1),and 1.0 L·d^(-1) will reduce its comprehensive benefits.The comprehensive benefit of JF309 did not change much under deficit,and the effect of water saving and w

关 键 词：亏缺灌溉 番茄 品种 品质 综合分析 

分 类 号：S641[农业科学—蔬菜学]