镉砷污染下四种中药材苗生长及重金属迁移研究  

Study on Seeding Growth and Heavy Metal Translocation of Four Chinese Medicinal Under Cadmium and Arsenic Combined Pollution

作　　者：孟媛 张亮 韩易辰 陈玉琦 郭亚凤 陈金琪 MENG Yuan;ZHANG Liang;HAN Yichen;CHEN Yuqi;GUO Yafeng;CHEN Jinqi(School of Agriculture and Bioengineering,Longdong University,Qingyang,Gansu 745000;Key Laboratory of Longdong Biological Resources Protection,Utilization and Ecological Restoration,Qingyang,Gansu 745000)

机构地区：[1]陇东学院农业与生物工程学院,甘肃庆阳745000 [2]甘肃省陇东生物资源保护利用与生态修复重点实验室,甘肃庆阳745000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第8期88-95,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年资助项目(32001200);甘肃省青年科技基金计划资助项目(22JR11RM171);陇东学院博士基金资助项目。

摘　　要：以云木香、鱼腥草、虎耳草、淫羊藿4种中药材苗为试材,采用盆栽试验方法,研究了镉砷复合污染对中药材苗生长及重金属迁移的影响,以期为中药材在重金属污染土壤中的种植与利用提供参考依据。结果表明:砷(As)显著抑制了云木香、鱼腥草和虎耳草的地上部生长,而淫羊藿对As的耐受性较强;镉(Cd)在低浓度时促进了鱼腥草的生长,但在高浓度下则表现出抑制作用。复合污染下,云木香和虎耳草生长受显著抑制,显示复合毒性更强。鱼腥草在单独及复合污染下均表现出较高Cd、As吸收能力,而淫羊藿根部Cd吸收强但地上部弱。Cd转运效率上,云木香在单独Cd处理下最高(0.46),复合污染下各药材间无显著差异,表明复合污染影响重金属转运机制。As转运效率在各处理间相似。该研究为评估中药材在镉砷复合污染中的适应性及重金属迁移机制提供了关键数据支持。Taking seedlings of four Chinese medicinal herbs,namely Saussurea costus,Houttuynia cordata,Saxifraga stolonifera,and Epimedium brevicornum,as the test materials,a pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of combined cadmium and arsenic pollution on their growth and heavy metal translocation,in order to provide a reference for the cultivation and utilization of Chinese medicinal herbs in heavy metal-contaminated soils.The results showed that,As significantly inhibited the shoot growth of Saussurea costus,Houttuynia cordata,and Saxifraga stolonifera,while Epimedium brevicornu exhibited stronger tolerance to As.At low concentrations,Cd promoted the growth of Houttuynia cordata but inhibited it at higher concentrations.Under combined pollution,the growth of Saussurea costus and Saxifraga stolonifera was significantly inhibited,indicating stronger combined toxicity.Houttuynia cordata showed high Cd and As absorption capacities under both single and combined pollution,while Epimedium brevicornu absorbed Cd more efficiently in roots but less efficiently in shoots.In terms of Cd translocation efficiency,Saussurea costus exhibited the highest translocation coefficient(0.46)under Cd alone treatment,while no significant difference was observed among the medicinal plants under combined pollution,suggesting that combined pollution affects heavy metal translocation mechanisms.The As translocation efficiencies were similar across all treatments.This study provided critical data support for assessing the adaptability of traditional Chinese medicinal plants to cadmium and arsenic combined pollution and understanding their heavy metal translocation mechanisms.

关 键 词：重金属 复合污染 转运系数 

分 类 号：S636[农业科学—蔬菜学]