不同种衣剂对党参幼苗生长及病害防治效果的影响  

Effects of Different Seed Coating Agents on the Growth and Disease Prevention and Control of Codonopsis pilosula Seedlings

作　　者：蔡子平[1] 王宏霞[1] 武伟国[1] 王国祥[1] 张翔 何勇 CAI Ziping;WANG Hongxia;WU Weiguo;WANG Guoxiang;ZHANG Xiang;HE Yong(Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070;College of Agriculture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院中药材研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第8期96-104,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81860677);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFD1100505);中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(22ZY1QA001);西北中药材全程机械化科研基地建设资助项目(2109-000000-20-01-199092);甘肃省知识产权计划资助项目(24ZSCQG012);甘肃省科技计划资助项目(24CXNA013);定西市科技计划资助项目(岷科发[2023]23号);定西市科技局揭榜挂帅资助项目(DX2023AZ39);甘肃省农业科学院中青年基金资助项目(2017GAAS82)。

摘　　要：以党参种子为试材,选用“亮盾”种衣剂、“高巧”种衣剂、27%苯醚·咯·噻虫悬浮种衣剂,采用单因素随机区组试验,研究3种种衣剂的不同药种比对党参幼苗生长和生理特性的影响,以期提高党参幼苗的出苗率和幼苗素质并降低幼苗的发病率,筛选出适于党参幼苗生产且防病效果佳的种衣剂,为党参高产栽培提供参考依据。结果表明:与CK相比,“亮盾”种衣剂可以提高党参幼苗的出苗率、株高、根长、根鲜质量,并降低了党参幼苗的发病率,促进了党参种子萌发与幼苗生长并抑制党参幼苗根腐病的发生,以药种比16 mL·kg^(-1)(a_(4))效果最佳;“高巧”种衣剂可以提高党参幼苗的株高与可溶性糖含量,抑制丙二醛(MDA)含量,增加过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等活性,促进了党参幼苗的生长与可溶性糖含量的增加,提高了幼苗的抗逆能力,以药种比12 mL·kg^(-1)(b_(4))效果最佳;27%苯醚·咯·噻虫悬浮种衣剂可以提高党参幼苗的出苗率、株高、茎粗、根鲜质量,并且还可以增加党参幼苗的叶绿素含量和可溶性糖含量,抑制MDA含量,增加CAT、POD、SOD等酶活性,同时还可以降低党参幼苗的发病率,促进党参种子萌发与幼苗生长,提高党参幼苗可溶性糖与叶绿素含量的增加以及幼苗的抗逆能力,同时还可以抑制党参幼苗根腐病的发生,以药种比2 mL·kg^(-1)(c_(2))的效果最佳。Taking Codonopsis pilosula seeds as experimental materials,the effects of three different brands of seed coating agents‘Bright Shield’‘Gaoqiao’and difenoconazole·fludioxonil·thiamethoxam 27%FSC on the growth and physiological characteristics of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings at various application rates were studied,in order to enhance the germination rate and quality of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings while reducing the incidence of seedling diseases,thereby identifying effective seed coating agents suitable for the production of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings that exhibited good disease resistance and provide reference for high-yield cultivation of Codonopsis pilosula.The results showed that compared to the CK,the‘Liangdun’seed coating agent significantly enhanced the germination rate,plant height,root length,and fresh root weight of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings,while concurrently reducing disease incidence.This agent promoted seed germination,seedling growth,and inhibited the development of root rot disease in Codonopsis pilosula seedlings,with the optimal application rate determined to be 16 mL·kg^(-1)(a_(4)).The‘Gaoqiao’seed coating agent increased both the plant height and soluble sugar content of Codonopsis pilosula seedlings,inhibited malondialdehyde(MDA)levels,and boosted the activity of enzymes such as CAT,POD,and SOD,thereby fostering growth and facilitating the accumulation of soluble sugars,particularly at an application rate of 12 mL·kg^(-1)(b_(4)).Meanwhile,the difenoconazole·fludioxonil·thiamethoxam 27%FSC improved the germination rate,plant height,stem diameter,and fresh root weight.It also increased chlorophyll and soluble sugar content,suppressed MDA levels,and enhanced enzyme activity,while further decreasing disease incidence and promoting seed germination and seedling growth.This agent improved stress resistance in seedlings and effectively inhibited the occurrence of root rot disease,with the optimal application rate established at 2 mL·kg^(-1)(c_(2)).

关 键 词：种衣剂 药种比 党参幼苗 生长特性 生理特性 防治效果 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]