新型农业经营主体能推动农户绿色生产吗?——以化学投入品减量为例  

Can New Agricultural Operating Entities Promote Farmers'Green Production?Based on the Reduction of Agricultural Chemical Inputs

作　　者：梁巧[1] 马康伟 Liang Qiao;Ma Kangwei(China Academy for Rural Development,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学中国农村发展研究院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2025年第3期5-26,共22页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(S20240150);国家自然科学基金国际合作项目(72161147001);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项项目(2024JZDZ061);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(222JJD790078);CGIAR全球低碳食物系统重大科学项目(Mitigate+)。

摘　　要：新型农业经营主体是推动农户绿色生产的重要组织载体。研究表明:其一,新型农业经营主体能够显著降低农户化肥使用强度,一定程度上能够推动农户绿色生产,但对农户农药和农膜使用强度没有显著影响,其对农户绿色生产的促进效应具有局限性。其二,新型农业经营主体能够通过信息服务、农机服务和销售服务促进农户绿色生产,但技术服务没有发挥显著作用。其三,新型农业经营主体对农户绿色生产的促进效应在不同类型主体之间和不同特征农户之间均表现出异质性。其四,在有新型农业经营主体的村庄中,化学投入品减量的农户能够获得更高的经济效益,而在无新型农业经营主体的村庄中,化学投入品减量则会降低农地生产率。因此,应继续培育和发展新型农业经营主体、增强新型农业经营主体为农户所提供服务的多样性和对不同特征农户的包容性。Given the growing constraints of resources and environment in China,coupled with unprecedented emphases on food security and quality safety,it is of great significance to explore whether and how new agricultural operating entities can promote farmers'green production.This article provides a comprehensive analysis on the influence and mechanisms of new agricultural operating entities on farmers'green production,based on empirical tests by using panel fixed effect model and difference-in-differences model.The empirical analysis draws on data from Zhejiang University's China Family Database(2017 and 2019),with a sample of 609 villages and 5,836 farmer households from 29provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)nationwide,which makes the sample representative of the whole country.This research has the following contributions.First,it comprehensively analyzes and compares the effects of different types of new agricultural operating entities—family farms,farmer cooperatives,and agricultural companies—on the green production practices of farmers.Second,it explores the influence of the new agricultural operating entities on the green production of common farmers within the village,rather than focusing on the directly linked farmers of the entities.Third,it examines whether the positive effects of new agricultural operating entities on farmers'green production are achieved at the expense of farmers'economic benefits,and based on this,discusses the sustainability of these effects.Finally,unlike most studies using cross-sectional data from surveys conducted in some specific areas,this article uses panel data from nationwide surveys and applies both panel fixed effect model and differencein-differences model to analyze the effects of new agricultural operating entities on farmers'green production.This approach effectively addresses endogenous bias in econometric estimations and improves the reliability of the research findings.The results show that new agricultural operating entities significantly reduce farmers'us

关 键 词：新型农业经营主体 绿色生产 农户 农业服务 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]