富水软岩缓倾长斜井敞开式TBM掘进研究  

Research on Open-Type TBM Excavation of Gently-Inclined and Long Inclined Shaft in Water-Rich Soft Rock

作　　者：李安云 LI Anyun(China Railway 15th Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200040,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁十五局集团有限公司,上海200040

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2025年第4期78-87,共10页Mining Research and Development

摘　　要：现有隧道掘进机(TBM)施工的隧道围岩多以硬岩为主,富水软岩隧道敞开式TBM施工是工程难题。针对某矿井工程富水软岩的困难地质条件,利用数值模拟与现场施工监测数据,分别从地质条件适应性、软弱破碎砂岩撑靴撑进、富水破碎砂岩水致软化等方面分析了敞开式TBM在典型富水破碎软岩地层施工的可行性,并提出分级支护措施。现场监测结果表明,采用敞开式TBM掘进,分级支护后顶板最大变形由9.2 cm降低至4.5 cm,变形程度降低了51.1%,有效保证了巷道围岩的安全稳定。同时基于现场调研对施工成本及工期进行了对比分析,进一步验证了采用敞开式TBM施工的可行性。最终施工结果表明,某工程项目历时396 d安全顺利完成掘进任务,日最高进尺31.53 m,月最高进尺521.53 m,比计划工期提前6个月完成掘进任务,具有良好的经济效益和社会效益。The existing tunnel boring machines(TBM)construct tunnel surrounding rock is mainly for hard rock,and the open-type TBM construction of water-rich soft rock tunnel is an engineering problem.In view of the difficult geological conditions of water-rich soft rock in a mine project,the feasibility of open-type TBM construction in typical water-rich broken soft rock strata was analyzed from the aspects of geological condition adaptability,advancement by supporting shoes in soft and broken sandstone,and water-induced softening of water-rich broken sandstone using numerical simulation and field construction monitoring data.Graded support measures were put forward.The field monitoring results show that after using an open-type TBM for excavation and graded support,the maximum deformation of the roof is reduced from 9.2 cm to 4.5 cm,and the deformation degree is reduced by 51.5%,which effectively ensures the safety and stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway.At the same time,based on the field investigation,the construction cost and construction period were compared and analyzed,which further verified the feasibility of using open-type TBM construction.The final construction results show that the project takes 396 days to safely and successfully complete the excavation task.The maximum daily excavation is 31.53 m,and the maximum monthly excavation is 521.53 m.The excavation task is completed 6 months ahead of the planned construction period,which has good economic and social benefits.

关 键 词：富水软岩 缓倾长斜井 敞开式TBM 分级支护 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD263.2[矿业工程—矿井建设]