弱胶结含水层开拓巷道泥石流形成模拟分析  

Simulation Analysis of Debris Flow Formation in Weak Cemented Aquifer Development Roadway

作　　者：赵恰 ZHAO Qia(State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Low-grade Refractory Gold Ores,Shanghang,Fujian 364204,China;Zijin Mining Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghang,Fujian 364200,China;Zijin(Changsha)Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410036,China)

机构地区：[1]低品位难处理黄金资源综合利用国家重点实验室,福建上杭县364204 [2]紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建上杭县364200 [3]紫金(长沙)工程技术有限公司,湖南长沙410036

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2025年第4期120-127,共8页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2903902)。

摘　　要：为研究弱胶结含水层井下开拓工程发生泥石流的机理,以新疆某矿弱胶结砂岩为研究对象,分析了其胶结特征与水理特性,利用孔隙率、膨胀率与渗透率数学模型,得出了矿山弱胶结含水层不同膨胀率条件下的渗透率。以此为基础,采用流固耦合模型分析了开拓工程处于不同埋深条件下,巷道松动圈围岩遇水膨胀过程中其周边塑性区及渗流场变化情况。研究表明:围岩遇水膨胀将增加含水层的透水性,提高其渗透率,当围岩膨胀率增加至30%时,巷道开挖后的单位涌水量将增加1.5~2倍,且随着开拓深度的增加,单位涌水量将大幅增加,为井下泥石流的发生提供充足的水源;弱胶结粉砂岩强度较低,开拓工程掌子面易形成塑性破坏区,且随着开拓深度的增加,巷道掌子面的塑性破坏越大,在地下水的侵蚀与冲刷条件下易崩塌、分解成为物源;井下裂隙发育区的围岩稳定性差,地下水渗流通道畅通、补给充分,在地下水作用下易膨胀垮塌、分解,并被地下水夹携而形成泥石流,为井下泥石流发生的重点区域。研究成果有助于进一步揭示弱胶结含水层井下开拓工程泥石流形成的机理。In order to study the mechanism of debris flow in the underground development project of weak cemented aquifer,the weak cemented sandstone of a mine in Xinjiang was taken as the research object,and its cementation characteristics and water characteristics were analyzed.The mathematical models of porosity,expansion rate and permeability were used to obtain the permeability of weak cemented aquifer under different expansion rates.On this basis,the fluid-solid coupling model was used to analyze the changes of surrounding plastic zone and seepage field in the process of water expansion of surrounding rock of roadway loose circle under different buried depth conditions.The research shows that the water expansion of surrounding rock will increase the permeability of aquifer and improve its permeability.When the expansion rate of surrounding rock increases to 30%,the unit water inflow after roadway excavation will increase by 1.5 to 2.0 times,and with the increase of development depth,the unit water inflow will increase greatly,which will provide sufficient water source for the occurrence of underground debris flow.The strength of weak cemented siltstone is low,and it is easy to form a plastic failure zone on the tunnel face of the development project.With the increase of the development depth,the plastic failure of the tunnel face is greater,and it is easy to collapse and decompose into a source under the condition of groundwater erosion and scour.The stability of surrounding rock in the underground fracture development area is poor,the groundwater seepage channel is smooth and the supply is sufficient.It is easy to expand,collapse and decompose under the action of groundwater,and it is carried by groundwater to form debris flow,which is the key area of underground debris flow.The research results are helpful to further reveal the formation mechanism of debris flow in the underground development project of weak cemented aquifer.

关 键 词：弱胶结含水层 井下泥石流 膨胀率 渗透率 单位涌水量 

分 类 号：TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]