切缝与锚杆锚固联合防控岩爆试验研究  

Experimental Study on Joint Prevention and Control of Rock Burst by Cutting Seam and Bolt Anchoring

作　　者：张晓君 杨小瑶[2] 张震 ZHANG Xiaojun;YANG Xiaoyao;ZHANG Zhen(Key Laboratory of Engineering Geophysical Prospecting and Detection of Chinese Geophysical Society,Wuhan,Hubei 430010,China;School of Resources and Environment Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo,Shandong 255000,China;Institution of Mining Engineering and Technology,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo,Shandong 255000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地球物理学会工程物探检测重点实验室,湖北武汉430010 [2]山东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,山东淄博市255000 [3]山东理工大学矿山工程技术研究所,山东淄博市255000

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2025年第4期128-136,共9页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：中国地球物理学会工程物探检测重点实验室开放研究基金项目(CJ2022OC02);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020ME098)。

摘　　要：针对硬岩岩爆防控研究的不足,提出了切缝与锚杆锚固联合防控岩爆的方法。制备了不切缝的锚杆锚固试样、切缝的锚杆锚固试样及切缝注浆的锚杆锚固试样,开展了不同锚固体试样的锚杆预紧力松弛试验及双轴压缩试验,探讨了切缝与锚杆锚固复合围岩的强度及安全系数。结果表明,与单纯锚杆锚固相比,切缝将应力集中从锚杆锚固区转移至切缝端部,将破裂演化从锚杆锚固区周围转移至切缝远端,降低了试样承载能力、破坏剧烈程度及破碎程度。切缝注浆将应力集中区扩大化,形成了扁平化关键层,该区域从锚杆锚固区一直到切缝端部,将破裂演化从锚杆锚固区周围扩展至切缝远端,提高了试样整体承载能力。加载前和加载破坏后的3种锚固情况下的锚杆预紧力松弛规律基本一致,均呈现迅速衰减松弛、缓慢衰减松弛和稳定衰减松弛3个阶段,锚杆预紧力松弛过程可以反映锚固体内部破裂演化情况。建立了不同锚固情况下的复合围岩强度简化计算式,定义了耗能系数,得出了考虑耗能的开挖后复合围岩安全系数公式,给出了工程上可以采用的3种岩爆防控方式。研究结果可为硬岩岩爆局部解危、锚杆锚固、预测及防控等提供参考。In view of the deficiency of the research on the prevention and control of rock burst in hard rock,a method of joint prevention and control of rock burst by cutting seam and bolt anchoring was proposed.The bolt anchoring samples without cutting seam,the bolt anchoring samples with cutting seam and the bolt anchoring samples with cutting seam grouting were prepared.The pre-tightening force relaxation tests and biaxial compression tests of bolts with different anchorage body samples were carried out.The strength of composite surrounding rock and safety factor with cutting seam and bolt anchoring were discussed.The results show that compared with the simple bolt anchoring,the stress concentration is transferred from the bolt anchoring zone to the end of the cutting seam by cutting seam,and the fracture evolution is transferred from the surrounding of the bolt anchoring zone to the distal end of the cutting seam.The bearing capacity,damage severity and crushing degree of the sample are reduced.The stress concentration area is enlarged by the cutting seam grouting,and the key layer of flattening is formed.The area is extended from the bolt anchoring zone to the end of the cutting seam,and the fracture evolution is extended from the surrounding of the bolt anchoring zone to the the distal end of the cutting seam.The overall bearing capacity of the sample is improved.The relaxation law of bolt pre-tightening force under the three anchoring conditions before and after loading is basically the same,showing three stages of rapid decay relaxation,slow decay relaxation and stable decay relaxation.The relaxation process of bolt pre-tightening force can reflect the internal fracture evolution of anchorage body.A simplified formula for calculating the strength of composite surrounding rock under different anchoring conditions is established,the energy consumption coefficient is defined,and a formula for calculating the safety factor of composite surrounding rock after excavation considering the energy consumption is derived,thr

关 键 词：硬岩 岩爆 切缝 锚杆锚固 定位诱导破坏 耗能系数 

分 类 号：TD31[矿业工程—矿井建设]