基于响应面法的黏土改良石墨尾砂性能分析  

Performance Analysis of Graphite Tailings Improved by Clay Based on Response Surface Methodology

作　　者：蒋睿新 王正君[1,2] 温雅晶 杜英欣 王丹 JIANG Ruixin;WANG Zhengjun;WEN Yajing;DU Yingrin;WANG Dan(School of Hydraulic and Electric Power,Heilongjiang University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150006,China;Key Laboratory of Cold Zone Water Conservancy Engineering,Heilongjiang University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150006,China;Heilongjiang Heida Water Conservancy Project Quality Inspection Co.,Ltd.,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150078,China;Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Kexin Engineering Quality Inspection Co.,Ltd.,Jiamusi,Heilongjiang 154002,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学水利电力学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150006 [2]黑龙江大学寒区水利工程重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150006 [3]黑龙江黑大水利工程质量检测有限公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150078 [4]黑龙江农垦科信工程质量检测有限公司,黑龙江佳木斯市154002

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2025年第4期172-180,共9页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：黑龙江省生态环境厅科研项目(HST2022GF004);黑龙江省重点研发计划指导类科研项目(GZ20220138)。

摘　　要：为了增强石墨尾砂的抗剪性能,在室内直剪试验的基础上,通过单因素试验确定黏土掺量、含水率、生石灰掺量和聚丙烯纤维掺量对石墨尾砂抗剪强度的影响。采用响应面法(RSM)得到了黏土、水、生石灰的最佳配合比,并对最优配比方案进行验证。利用扫描电镜试验分析试样的微观特性。结果表明:随着黏土、水、生石灰和聚丙烯纤维的掺入,石墨尾砂固化物的抗剪强度和黏聚力均先升高后降低,内摩擦角趋于稳定;当黏土掺量为29.38%,含水率为15.82%,生石灰掺量为3.59%时,石墨尾砂固化物黏聚力最优,为9.4173 kPa,试验得到的黏聚力平均值为9.487 kPa,预测值与试验值之间的相对误差为0.7%,小于5%,验证了该响应面设计模型的可行性。SEM结果表明,改良后石墨尾砂颗粒与黏土之间聚合形成团聚结构,提高了固化物的抗剪强度。研究成果对石墨尾矿库边坡的加固和防护具有重要意义。In order to enhance the shear performance of graphite tailings,based on the indoor direct shear test,the effects of clay content,water content,quicklime content and polypropylene fiber content on the shear strength of graphite tailings were determined by single factor test.The optimum mix ratio of clay,water and quicklime was obtained by response surface method(RSM),and the optimum mix ratio scheme was verified.The microscopic characteristics of the samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy.The results show that with the addition of clay,water,quicklime and polypropylene fiber,the shear strength and cohesion of the solidified graphite tailings increase first and then decrease,and the internal friction angle tends to be stable.When the clay content is 29.38%,the water content is 15.82%,and the quicklime content is 3.59%,the cohesion of the solidified graphite tailings reaches the best,which is 9.4173 kPa.The average cohesion obtained by the test is 9.487 kPa.The relative error between the predicted value and the test value is 0.7%,less than 5%,which verifies the feasibility of the response surface design model.The SEM results show that the agglomeration structure is formed between the modified graphite tailings particles and the clay,which improves the shear strength of the solidified material.The research results are of great significance to the reinforcement and protection of graphite tailings reservoir slope.

关 键 词：石墨尾砂 黏土改良 抗剪强度 黏聚力 响应面法 

分 类 号：TD926.4[矿业工程—选矿] TU521.5[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]