居家老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者营养自我管理的用户画像研究  

A study of user persona in nutritional self-management within home-based elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

作　　者：陈霞 王蓓 袁萍[2] 樊迪 姜海昆 芦鸿雁 Chen Xia;Wang Bei;Yuan Ping;Fan Di;Jiang Haikun;Lu Hongyan(School of Nursing,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China;Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China;Department of Nursing,General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学护理学院,银川750004 [2]宁夏医科大学总医院呼吸与危重症医学科,银川750004 [3]宁夏医科大学总医院护理部,银川750004

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2025年第13期1015-1024,共10页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区科技惠民专项项目(2023CMG03047)。

摘　　要：目的基于用户画像探讨居家老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者营养自我管理人群特征,以期为精准居家营养管理提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2023年7一12月宁夏医科大学总医院呼吸与危重症医学科门诊就诊的居家老年COPD患者为研究对象,采用微型营养评定量表、COPD患者自我评估测试问卷、改良英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难评级量表、体育活动等级量表、COPD患者自我管理量表进行横断面调查。采用SPSS26.0软件分析影响患者营养自我管理的因素,抽取有统计学意义(P<0.05)的属性作为标签,以图片结合标签的形式完成患者营养自我管理画像的可视化。结果共发放问卷320份,收回有效问卷309份。309例居家老年COPD患者中,男210例,女99例,年龄(69.14±6.84)岁。根据数据分析结果人工提取自然属性、社会属性、行为轨迹3个维度的标签,构建出3类居家老年COPD患者营养自我管理用户画像,即盲目管理型、自主尝试型和消极无力型。结论居家老年COPD患者营养状况及自我管理存在较大差异,可根据用户画像分析制订精准化管理措施,以期改善其营养状况。Objective To explore the characteristics of nutrition self-management of home-based elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients based on user persona,in order to provide reference for accurate home nutrition management.Methods From July to December 2023,home-based elderly COPD patients in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University were selected by convenience sampling method.The Mini Nutritional Assessment,COPD Assessment Test,Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale,Physical Activity Rating Scale-3,COPD Patients Self-Management Scale were used to conduct questionnaire survey.The SPSS 26.0 software was used to analyze the influencing factors of patients'self-management of nutrition.Attributes with statistical significance(P<0.05)were extracted as labels,and the visualization of patients'self-management of nutrition portraits was completed in the form of pictures combined with labels.Results A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed,and 309 valid questionnaires were collected.Among 309 home-based elderly COPD patients,there were 210 males and 99 females with an age of(69.14±6.84)years old.According to the data analysis results,three dimensions of natural attributes,social attributes,and behavioral tracks were artificially extracted to construct three types of nutritional self-management user persona for home-based elderly COPD patients,respectively namely blind management type,independent attempt type,and powerless type.Conclusions There are great differences in the nutritional status and self-management of home-based elderly patients with COPD.Accurate management measures can be developed based on user persona analysis to improve their nutritional status.

关 键 词：肺疾病 慢性阻塞性 老年人 居家 营养管理 用户画像 

分 类 号：R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统]