雅鲁藏布江干旱河谷米林段风况及输沙势特征  

Wind regime and sand drift potential characteristics in the Milin section along arid valley of the Yarlung Zangbo River

作　　者：卢佳雪 刘雅丹 王学林 陈江波 丁国栋[1,2,3,4] LU Jiaxue;LIU Yadan;WANG Xuelin;CHEN Jiangbo;DING Guodong(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering,Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation,State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;Ningxia Yanchi Maowusu Ecosystem National Positioning Observation Research Station,Yanchi 751500,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心,北京100083 [3]北京林业大学水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京100083 [4]宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,盐池751500

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2025年第4期145-155,共11页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

摘　　要：青藏高原是我国“两屏三带”生态安全格局的重要组成部分,而起源于青藏高原内喜马拉雅山脉的雅鲁藏布江对青藏高原的生态环境具有举足轻重的作用。但在其漫长的干旱河谷段发育了大面积的风沙地貌,风沙危害成为影响青藏高原区域环境质量的重要因素。系统了解该区域的风沙活动规律对改善雅鲁藏布江河谷生态环境,推进青藏高原生态保护和修复工作具有重要意义。文中以雅鲁藏布江干旱河谷米林段为研究区,基于“米林基准站”2018-2023年监测的逐时风速、风向等数据及野外风沙实验观测数据,系统分析了起沙风风况和输沙势特征。研究结果显示:1)研究区年均起沙风风速为6.14m/s,年均起沙风频率为3.59%。就季节而言,春季起沙风平均风速、起沙风频率和输沙势最高,分别为6.44 m/s、5.17%、19.63VU,是主要的风沙活动期。2)研究区四季起沙风风向与年起沙风风向结构相似,偏西风(WSW、SW、SSW)和偏北风(NNW、N、NNE、NE)为主导风。偏西风中以SW方向为主,偏北风中以NNE方向为主。3)研究区年输沙势(DP)和年合成输沙势(RDP)分别为34.52VU和8.87VU,属于低风能环境;年方向变率指数(RDP/DP)为0.26,属于高变率,风况对应为复杂风况;年合成输沙势方向(RDD)63.15°,为ENE方向,表明雅鲁藏布江干旱河谷米林段沙物质主要向东北偏东方向移动。4)研究区输沙率随高度增加而下降,随风速增加而上升;总输沙率河滩地>流动沙丘>沙质农田>半固定沙地;超过90%的输沙量分布在0~30cm高度。The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is one of the important parts in the ecological security pattern named"two barriers and three belts"in China,and the Yarlung Zangbo River,which originated in the Himalayas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,plays a pivotal role in the ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.However,a large area of sand landform has developed in its long arid valley,and the harm of sand has become an important factor affecting the environmental quality of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.A systematic understanding of the rules of sandstorm activities in the region is of great significance both to improve the ecological environment of the Yarlung Zangbo River valley and to promote the ecological protection and restoration of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Taking the Milin section of the arid valley of Yarlung Zangbo River as the research area,the characteristics of the wind speed and wind direction are analyzed based on the data of the wind speed monitored from 2018-2023 and the wind conditions and sand transport.The results are as follows:1)The annual sand-driving wind speed in the study area is 6.14 m/s,and the annual sand-driving wind frequency is 3.59%.In terms of season,the average sand-driving wind speed,sand-driving wind frequency and sand transport potential are the highest in spring,with 6.44m/s,m/s.5.17%and 19.63VU,respectively,which are the main period for sand activity.2)The structure of sand-driving wind directions in the four seasons in the study area is similar to that of the annual,westerly(WSW,SW,SSW)and northerly(NNW,N,NNE,NE)are the dominant wind directions.In westerly winds,SW is the dominant,and NNE is the dominant in northerly winds.3)The annual drift potential(DP)and annual resultant drift potential(RDP)in the study area are 34.52VU and 8.87 VU,respectively,means it belongs to low wind energy environment.The annual directional variability index(RDP/DP)is 0.26,indicating a high variation and a complex wind conditions.The annual resultant drift potential direction(RDD)is ENE(63.15°),indicat

关 键 词：雅鲁藏布江 米林宽谷 风沙 输沙势 

分 类 号：P425[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]