毛乌素沙地引种小胡杨2号初期生态适应性分析  

Analysis on the initial ecological adaptability of introduced Populus simonii×P.euphratica‘Xiaohuyang2’in Mu Us sandy land

作　　者：张彦东 任余艳 何金军 石麟 马郡粒 赛富勒 ZHANG Yandong;REN Yuyan;HE Jinjun;SHI Lin;MA Junli;SAI Fule(Forestry and Grassland Ecological Protection Center of Otuoke Front Banner,Ordos 017010;Ordos Forestry and Grassland Science Institute,Ordos 016200;Otuoke Front Banner Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Ordos 016200,China)

机构地区：[1]鄂托克前旗林业草原生态保护中心,鄂尔多斯017000 [2]鄂尔多斯市林业和草原科学研究所,鄂尔多斯016200 [3]鄂托克前旗林业和草原局,鄂尔多斯016200

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2025年第4期165-174,共10页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题(2023YFF1305303-03)资助。

摘　　要：文中以引种6a的治沙造林树种小胡杨2号为研究对象,分析其在毛乌素沙地的生长情况,构建适应性评价指标体系,运用层次分析法对其在不同立地类型的生态适应性进行综合评价研究。结果表明:1)小胡杨2号成活率覆沙梁地>盐碱滩地、半固定沙地>固定沙地;存活率、保存率覆沙梁地(H_(4))>覆沙梁地(H_(3))>半固定沙地(W_(2))>半固定沙地(H_(2))>轻盐碱滩地(E_(1))>固定沙地(H_(1))>覆沙滩地(W_(3))>固定沙地(W_(1))>重盐碱滩地(W_(4))。2)有连续水分补给的覆沙梁地(H_(4)),茎粗、枝条长度、冠幅明显高于其他立地条件;无连续水分补给的覆沙梁地(H_(3)),主干抽干枯死,根部萌生出新的枝条,无主干,呈灌木状。半固定沙地生长情况明显优于固定沙地,次于有连续水分补给覆沙梁地。轻度盐碱滩地优于覆沙滩地优于重度盐碱滩地。3)小胡杨2号最长根长度、根深和根量沙地>梁地>滩地;叶片长宽比沙地>滩地>梁地;叶片色泽和植株长势沙地、梁地优于滩地;病虫害发生情况各地类表现一致。4)生态适应性综合评价H_(4)>W_(2)>H_(2)>E_(1)>W_(1)>W_(3)>H_(1)>H_(3)>W_(4)。5)小胡杨2号具有较强的抗旱性和一定的耐盐碱能力,同时也喜水肥,有水肥补给情况下,生长旺盛。在只有雨养条件下,小胡杨2号在毛乌素沙地可作为生态防护树种推广,如作为用材林和农田防护林培育,需具有灌溉条件。In this paper,Populus simonii×P.euphratica‘Xiaohuyang2',which has been introduced into Mu Us sandy land for 6 years,was taken as the research object.The growth of the trees in Mu Us sandy land was analyzed,and the index system for evaluation of the adaptability of these trees was constructed.The analytic hierarchy process was used to evaluate their ecological adaptability in different site types.The results showed that:1)The survival rate of the trees growing in different sites was in order of sand-covered ridge land>saline-alkali lowland,semi-fixed sandy land>fixed sandy land,and as to the survival rate and preservation rate,the order was:sand-covered ridge land(H_(4))>sand-covered ridge land(H_(3))>semi-fixed sandy land(W_(2))>semi-fixed sandy land(H_(2))>mild saline-alkali lowland(E_(1))>fixed sandy land(H_(1))>sandy lowland(W_(3))>fixed sandy land(W_(1))>severe saline-alkali lowland(W_(4)).2)In the sand-covered ridge land with continuous water supply(H_(4)),the stem diameter,branch length,and crown width of the trees were significantly higher than those in other types of sites.In the sand-covered ridge land without continuous water supply(H_(3)),the main trunk dried up and died,and new branches sprouted from the roots,forming a shrub-like appearance without a main trunk.The trees grew obviously better in semi-fixed sandy land than of in fixed sandy land,but worse than that of in sand-covered ridge land with continuous water supply.The growth situations of the trees in different sites was in order of mild saline-alkali lowland better than sandy lowland better than severe saline-alkali beach land.3)The longest root length,root depth and root amount of the trees in different sites were in order of Sandy land>ridge land>beach land.Leaf length-width ratio of the trees in different sites follow the order of sandy land>beach land>ridge land.The leaf color and plant growth in sandy land and ridge land were better than those in beach land.Pests and diseases were consistent in various land types.4)The result of comp

关 键 词：小胡杨2号 生态适应性 毛乌素沙地 

分 类 号：S718.45[农业科学—林学]