追施尿素或硫酸钾复合肥对北柴胡根系及土壤的影响  

Effects of urea or potassium sulfate compound fertilizer on roots of Bupleurum chinense DC.and soil

作　　者：汤兵 赵秀梅[1] 游景茂[2] 张泽志 李坤[3] TANG Bing;ZHAO Xiu-Mei;YOU Jing-Mao;ZHANG Ze-zhi;LI Kun(Department of Pharmacy,Shiyan Renmin Hospital,Shiyan 442000,Hubei,China;Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Enshi 445000,Hubei,China;Shiyan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shiyan 442000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]十堰市人民医院药学部,湖北十堰442000 [2]湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所,湖北恩施445000 [3]十堰市农业科学院,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2025年第4期31-34,41,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家中医药管理局中医药创新团队及人才支持计划项目(ZYYCXTD-D-202005);湖北省重点研发项目(2022BBA153);中央引导地方发展专项(2022BGE256);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-21);湖北省农业科技创新中心重大科技研发项目(2020-620-000-002-04)。

摘　　要：为深入了解湖北省十堰市北柴胡(Bupleurum chinense DC.)在生产过程中肥料对其产量、药用成分含量及根际土壤的影响,在一定底肥条件下,开展单一追施尿素、硫酸钾复合肥对二年生北柴胡根系生长、皂苷总含量、根际土壤水溶性团聚体及其根际土壤有机质、氮磷钾养分的影响。结果表明,在底肥为750 kg/hm^(2)硫酸钾复合肥(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O=14-16-15,总养分≥45%)和750 kg/hm^(2)复合益生菌肥(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O≥5%,有机质≥45%)的情况下,追施2次尿素或硫酸钾复合肥对二年生北柴胡根系鲜重、主根长、总皂苷含量、根系构型、根际土壤水溶性团聚体、根际养分无显著影响,且土壤氮、磷含量较低。这可能是北柴胡在一定的土壤养分条件下,单一追施尿素或硫酸钾复合肥虽然有助于北柴胡生长,但北柴胡对土壤磷需求较多,造成侧根、根际土壤磷含量较少,因此追肥需要氮磷钾肥混合施用。The aim of this study was to understand the effects of fertilizers on the yield,contents of medicinal components and rhizosphere soil of Bupleurum chinense DC.in Shiyan City,Hubei Province.Under certain conditions of basal fertilizer,the effects of urea and potassium sulfate compound fertilizer on root growth,total saponins content,water-soluble aggregates,organic matter content,nitrogen content,phosphorus content and potassium content in rhizosphere soil of two-year-old B.chinense were studied.The results showed that when the basal fertilizer was 750 kg/hm^(2) of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O=14-16-15,total nutrient≥45%)and 750 kg/hm^(2) of the compound probiotic fertilizer(N-P_(2)O_(5)-K_(2)O≥5%,organic matter≥45%),applying urea or potassium sulfate compound fertilizer twice as topdressing had no significant effects on fresh root weight,main root length,total saponins content,root configuration,soil water-soluble aggregates and rhizosphere nutrients of two-year-old B.chinense DC.,and the soil nitrogen and phosphorus content was low.This might be that under certain soil nutrient conditions,single topdressing urea or potassium sulfate compound fertilizer was helpful to the growth of B.chinense,but B.chinense has more demand for soil phosphorus,resulting in less phosphorus content in lateral root and rhizosphere soil,so topdressing requires mixed application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.

关 键 词：北柴胡(Bupleurum chinense DC.) 追肥 尿素 硫酸钾复合肥 根系形态 皂苷含量 根际土壤 

分 类 号：S567.79[农业科学—中草药栽培] S147.2[农业科学—作物学]