鄂西北石漠化地区不同人工林群落稳定性特征  

Stability characteristics of different artificial forest communities in rocky desertification areas of northwest Hubei

作　　者：杨佳伟 戴薛 兰竹 唐志强[3] 刘学全[1,2] 王晓荣 付甜[1,2] 杨安 YANG Jia-wei;DAI Xue;LAN Zhu;TANG Zhi-qiang;LIU Xue-quan;WANG Xiao-rong;FU Tian;YANG An(Hubei Academy of Forestry,Wuhan 430075,China;Positioning Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem in Daba Mountain,Shiyan 442299,Hubei,China;Hubei Ecology Polytechnic College,Wuhan 430200,China;Hubei Forestry Survey and Planning Institute,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省林业科学研究院,武汉430075 [2]湖北大巴山森林生态系统定位观测研究站,湖北十堰442299 [3]湖北生态工程职业技术学院,武汉430200 [4]湖北省林业调查规划院,武汉430079

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2025年第4期130-136,152,共8页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金计划项目(2023AFB1094);中央财政推广示范项目(鄂[2025]TG18号);湖北省林业科学院科技项目(2021YJJ02)。

摘　　要：以鄂西北石漠化地区人工林生态系统为研究对象,分析不同人工林群落稳定性,为丹江口库区石漠化生态修复树种选择与退化林修复提供支撑。选择鄂西北石漠化区3种主要人工林类型,应用模糊数学中的隶属函数方法从植被结构、物种多样性、更新潜力、林地生产力、土壤肥力等方面进行群落稳定性综合评价。结果显示,石漠化区人工林物种丰富度整体较低,木本植物种类7~16种,草本植物4~7种;栓皮栎人工幼龄林种群更新潜力为36.98%,马尾松近熟林种群更新潜力达到28.79%,显著高于其他地类;乔木层年均生物量最高为栓皮栎幼龄林,显著高于栓皮栎中龄林和马尾松近熟林,年均生物量分别高41.09%和71.67%;土壤肥力主要表现为马尾松近熟林、栓皮栎中龄林>栓皮栎幼龄林>侧柏林>次生灌木林。栓皮栎中龄林、马尾松近熟林群落稳定性高于栓皮栎幼龄林,显著高于侧柏人工林,且栓皮栎中龄林和马尾松近熟林群落稳定性差异不显著。Taking the artificial forest ecosystem in the rocky desertification area of northwest Hubei as the research object,the stability characteristics of different artificial forest communities were analyzed to provide support for the selection of tree species and management techniques for ecological restoration of rocky desertification in Danjiangkou reservoir area.Three main types of artificial forests were selected in the rocky desertification area of northwestern Hubei,and the membership function method in fuzzy mathematics was applied to comprehensively evaluate community stability from aspects such as vegetation structure,species diversity,renewal potential,forest productivity,and soil fertility.The results showed that,the species richness of artificial forests in rocky desertification areas was generally low,with 7~16 species of woody plants and 4~7 species of herbaceous plants.The population renewal potential of Quercus variabilis artificial young forest was 36.98%,and the population renewal potential of Pinus massoniana near mature forest was 28.79%,significantly higher than other land types.The mean annual biomass of the tree layer in the young Quercus variabilis forest was the highest,significantly exceeding that in the middle-aged Quercus variabilis forest and the nearly mature Pinus massoniana forest by 41.09%and 71.67%,respectively.The soil fertility was mainly manifested as Pinus massoniana near mature forest and Quercus variabilis middle-aged forest>Quercus variabilis young forest>Platycladus orientalis>secondary shrub forest.The stability of the communities in the middle-aged Quercus variabilis forest and the near mature Pinus massoniana forest was higher than that in the young Quercus variabilis forest and significantly higher than that in the artificial Platycladus orientalis forest.There was no significant difference in the stability of the communities between the middle-aged Quercus variabilis forest and the near mature Pinus massoniana forest.

关 键 词：石漠化地区 人工林 群落 稳定性 丹江口库区 

分 类 号：S727.22[农业科学—林木遗传育种]