不同规格土鳖虫药材质量比较研究  

Comparative study on the quality of different specifications of Eupolyphaga sinensis

作　　者：王媛 杨艳 陆海霞 唐天宇 王梦月 钟可 WANG Yuan;YANG Yan;LU Haixia;TANG Tianyu;WANG Mengyue;ZHONG Ke(Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州中医药大学药学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州科学》2025年第2期12-17,共6页Guizhou Science

基　　金：贵州中医药大学药用动物研究中心(贵中医ZX合字[2024]0048号)。

摘　　要：目的:对不同规格的土鳖虫及伪品雄性土鳖虫进行鉴别及质量检查,为中药土鳖虫真伪及质量等级评价体系提供参考。方法:收集安徽省和江苏省不同大小规格的土鳖虫药材,根据2020版《中国药典》,分别对样品的来源、性状特征、粉末显微特征进行鉴别,对水分、灰分和浸出物进行检查。比较不同规格、真伪土鳖虫药材的质量差异。结果:雌性与雄性土鳖虫的性状在大小、形状、后胸背板、腹环节、生殖口盖有明显区别,粉末显微鉴别无显著差异;浸出物:安徽(大:22.58%±0.31%、小:22.03%±0.03%),江苏(大:22.16%±0.09%、小:21.76%±0.07%、雄虫:21.64%±0.09%);总灰分:安徽(大:12.88%±0.06%、小:13.34%±0.02%),江苏(大:13.13%±0.08%、小:13.93%±0.08%、雄虫:15.74%±0.21%);水分:安徽(大:9.19%±0.13%、小:8.58%±0.16%),江苏(大:9.25%±0.05%、小:8.93%±0.16%、雄虫:8.93%±0.06%)。结论:不同规格土鳖虫相比,大土鳖虫的浸出物含量较高,总灰分含量较低,其质量整体好于小土鳖虫;与伪品雄性土鳖虫相比,雌性土鳖虫的浸出物含量较高,总灰分较低,整体质量较好。In this study we identified and evaluated the authentic and counterfeit male Eupolyphaga sinensis of different specifications,so as to provide reference for the authenticity identification and quality evaluation of E.sinensis.According to the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the origin,characteristics and microscopic characteristics of the samples were identified,and the water content,ash content and extract were examined.The quality difference of authentic and counterfeit Eupolyphaga sinensis of different specifications was compared.There were significant differences in size,shape,posterior pectoralis,subabdominal transverse line and genital operculum between female and male Eupolyphaga sinensis,but no significant difference in their microscopic characteristics.The extract content:Anhui(large:22.58%±0.31%,small:22.03%±0.03%),Jiangsu(large:22.16%±0.09%,small:21.76%±0.07%,male:21.64%±0.09%).The total ash content:Anhui(large:12.88%±0.06%,small:13.34%±0.02%),Jiangsu(large:13.13%±0.08%,small:13.93%±0.08%,male:15.74%±0.21%).The water content:Anhui(large:9.19%±0.13%,small:8.58%±0.16%),Jiangsu(large:9.25%±0.05%,small:8.93%±0.16%,male:8.93%±0.06%).In conclusion,compared with small Eupolyphaga sinensis,the extract content of large E.sinensis was higher and the total ash content was lower,indicating that the quality of large E.sinensis was better.Compared with the counterfeit male E.sinensis,the extract content of female E.sinensis was higher,the total ash content was lower,and the overall quality was better.

关 键 词：土鳖虫 真伪鉴别 性状鉴别 显微鉴别 质量检查 

分 类 号：R927.2[医药卫生—药学]