扩大筛查、提高诊断率和治疗率,加速消除乙肝危害  

Expand screening,increase the diagnosis and treatment rates,and accelerate the elimination of the public health threat posed by hepatitis B

作　　者：张绍全[1] 林炳亮[1] ZHANG Shaoquan;LIN Bingliang(Department of Infectious Diseases,The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510630,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第三医院感染科,广东广州510630

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2025年第3期259-263,共5页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2024YFA1108803);国家自然科学基金项目(No.82070612);广东省自然科学基金项目(No.2021A515010306)。

摘　　要：慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B, CHB)是由乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus, HBV)引起的严重公共卫生问题,全球约有2.54亿感染者,其中中国占7 500万。HBV感染不仅对个体健康造成严重影响,导致肝硬化、肝癌、肝衰竭等疾病,还给社会带来了巨大的经济负担。本文综述了当前CHB的流行病学特征、疾病负担以及WHO提出的“2030年消除病毒性肝炎作为公共卫生危害”的目标、现状与挑战。通过探讨减少新发感染、提高诊断率和治疗率的策略,包括普遍筛查、扩大抗病毒治疗范围以及救治终末期肝病患者的具体措施。强调加速消除乙肝危害的关键举措,并提出了一种结合新技术和理念的综合防控策略,旨在实现WHO提出的2030年消除病毒性肝炎危害的目标。这需要政府、医疗机构和社会各界共同努力,同时也呼吁公众积极参与和支持。Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)caused by the hepatitis B virus(HBV),constitutes a significant public health issue,with approximately 254 million individuals affected globally,of which 75 million are in China.HBV infection not only severely impacts individual health,leading to conditions such as liver cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma,and liver failure,but also imposes considerable economic burdens on society.This review provides an overview of the current epidemiological characteristics and disease burden of CHB,along with the progress towards,and challenges faced in achieving the World Health Organization's(WHO)goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030.It delves into strategies aimed at reducing new infections,enhancing diagnosis rates,and improving treatment coverage.These strategies include universal screening,expanding the scope of antiviral therapy,and implementing specific measures for treating patients with end-stage liver disease.The review underscores critical actions necessary to accelerate the elimination of hepatitis B-related harms,proposing an integrated control and prevention strategy that incorporates new technologies and approaches.Achieving WHO's 2030 target requires concerted efforts from governments,healthcare institutions,and the broader community,alongside active public participation and support.

关 键 词：慢性乙型肝炎 筛查 诊断 治疗 公共卫生 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]