合肥市2023年淡色库蚊对常用杀虫剂的抗药性调查  

Resistance of Culex pipiens pallens to commonly used insecticides in Hefei City, Anhui Province

作　　者：王文君 闻星 徐红平 唐子豪 张磊[1] WANG Wenjun;WEN Xing;XU Hongping;TANG Zihao;ZHANG Lei(Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei,Anhui 230091,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥市疾病预防控制中心,安徽合肥230091

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2025年第3期339-342,共4页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：合肥市卫生健康应用医学科研项目(No.Hwk2023zd010)。

摘　　要：目的 了解合肥市淡色库蚊对4种常用杀虫剂的抗药性现状,为淡色库蚊的化学防控提供科学依据。方法 2023年6—7月在合肥市9个县(市、区)采用勺捕法采集淡色库蚊幼虫;采用幼虫浸渍法(敏感基线法)测定3龄末至4龄初淡色库蚊幼虫对常用杀虫剂的LC50。采用成蚊接触筒法测定蚊虫接触1 h的抗性击倒率和24 h的死亡数。结果 合肥市淡色库蚊幼蚊对氯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、双硫磷、残杀威4种杀虫剂均产生不同程度的抗药性。对氯菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯的抗性倍数分别为26.96和21.17倍,处于中度抗性水平;对残杀威抗性倍数为6.70倍,处于低度抗性水平;对双硫磷抗性倍数为2.43倍,处于敏感水平。淡色库蚊成蚊对0.25%氯菊酯、0.025%溴氰菊酯、0.025%高效氯氰菊酯等菊酯类杀虫剂1 h击倒率和24 h死亡率分别为3.25%(4/123)和46.34%(57/123)、3.60%(5/139)和35.97%(50/139)、3.85%(6/156)和40.38%(63/156),对5%马拉硫磷、0.1%残杀威1 h击倒率和24 h死亡率分别为97.69%(127/130)和99.23%(129/130)、94.48%(137/145)和100.00%(145/145)。显示对0.25%氯菊酯、0.025%溴氰菊酯、0.025%高效氯氰菊酯抗性,对5%马拉硫磷、0.1%残杀威敏感。结论 合肥市对拟除虫菊酯类和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂均产生不同程度的抗药性。在防制蚊媒时,应加强化学防制与环境防制、物理防制等措施的科学合理使用,形成综合防制的局面,提高防效同时延缓抗药性的发生发展。Objective To understand and grasp the status quo of resistance of Culex pipiens pallens to four commonly used insecticides in Hefei City,and to provide a scientific basis for the chemical control of mosquito larvae.Methods From June to July 2023,Cx.pipiens pallens larvae were collected from 9 counties(cities and districts)in Hefei City.The LC50 of late third-instar to early fourth-instar larvae of Cx.pipiens pallens to commonly used insecticides was determined by larval immersion method(sensitive baseline method).Results Cx.pipiens pallens larvae in Hefei City exhibited different degrees of resistance to four insecticides:permethrin,beta-cypermethrin,temephos,and propoxur.The relative resistance coefficients to permethrin and beta-cypermethrin were 26.96 and 21.17,respectively,indicating the moderate resistance level.The relative resistance coefficients to propoxur were 6.70,indicating a low resistance level.The relative resistance coefficient to temephos was 2.43,indicating a sensitivity level.Culex pipiens pallens against pyrethroids such as 0.25%permethrin,0.025%deltamethrin and 0.025%cypermethrin in 1 h knockout rate and 24 h mortality rates were 3.25%(4/123)and 46.34%(57/123),3.60%(5/139)and 35.97%(50/139),3.85%(6/156)and 40.38%(63/156),respectively.For 5%malathion and 0.1%propoxur,the 1 h knockdown rate and 24 h mortality rate were 97.69%(127/130)and 99.23%(129/130),94.48%(137/145)and 100.00%(145/145),respectively.It showed resistance to 0.25%permethrin,0.025%deltamethrin and 0.025%cypermethrin,and sensitivity to 5%malathion and 0.1%propoxur.Conclusions Culex pipiens pallens in Hefei City have developed varying degrees of resistance to parathyroid and carbamate insecticides.In the control of mosquito vectors,it is essential to strengthen the scientific and rational use of chemical control in combination with environmental and physical control measures to form an integrated control strategy.This approach will improve the control efficiency while delaying the occurrence and development of insecticide resistan

关 键 词：淡色库蚊 幼虫浸渍法 杀虫剂 抗药性 蚊虫防制 

分 类 号：R384.1[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]