新冠流行前后江苏省扬州市公共卫生应急能力对比  

Comparison of public health emergency response capacity in Yangzhou City,Jiangsu before and after the COVID-19 epidemic

作　　者：王寅 吴程 丁丁一 胡建利[2] 李锦成 张军 张慧影 周信 WANG Yin;WU Cheng;DING Dingyi;HU Jianli;LI Jincheng;ZHANG Jun;ZHANG Huiying;ZHOU Xin(Yangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225001,China;Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏扬州225001 [2]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2025年第2期237-241,共5页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：江苏省定向委托研究重点项目(No.DX202302);江苏省卫生应急研究所开放课题(No.JSWSYJ-20230204)。

摘　　要：目的 通过比较新冠疫情发生前后扬州市公共卫生应急能力和疫情处置效果的变化,为新冠后疫情时代疫情防控工作提供参考。方法 选取2018—2019年、2020—2022年、2023年3个时间段分别对应新冠疫情前、中、后3个时期来开展分析研究,其中新冠流行期又分2020年流行初期和2021—2022年高强度流行期2个次级维度。通过问卷调查、描述性流行病学的方法对应急能力各方面及疫情处置成效开展综合比较。结果 自新冠疫情发生,扬州市应急系统建立了市县区联防联控网络,机构设置、人员配置均进行优化整编,应急预案、应急演练和培训的数量方式和覆盖范围提高,应急物资调度优化,机构建设达到标准化。与新冠同为呼吸道传染病的流感,暴发疫情总体罹患率从2018—2019年的2.71%降至2023年的1.50%;新冠疫情前中后期,流感暴发疫情的平均持续时间连续降低,依次为16.70 d、11.34 d、9.88 d。达到突发公共卫生事件标准的流感疫情中,能够在一个平均潜伏期控制的数量占比从新冠前期的18.75%提升至后疫情时代的75.00%。结论 扬州市公共卫生应急能力在新冠疫情前后有所提升,但在应急管理机制、应急科室的功能性、多点触发的监测预警体系、专业人员数量质量、多部门协同机制等方面仍存在不足,尤其县级应急队伍能力仍需持续加强,应从逐步完善应急管理制度和监测预警体系、进一步加强人才培养、持续推进医防融合、注重实战效果等方面加以持续改进。Objective By comparing the changes in public health emergency response capacity and epidemic response effect in Yangzhou before and after the outbreak of COVID-19,we can provide a reference for epidemic prevention and control work in the post-COVID-19 era.Methods The three periods of 2018-2019,2020-2022,and 2023 were selected to correspond to the pre-COVID-19 period,the middle period,and the post-COVID-19 period,respectively,and the epidemic period of COVID-19 was divided into two sub-dimensions:the early epidemic period of 2020 and the high-intensity epidemic period of 2021-2022.Through questionnaire surveys and descriptive epidemiology,a comprehensive comparison was conducted on all aspects of emergency response capacity and the effectiveness of epidemic management.Results Since the outbreak of COVID-19,the Yangzhou emergency response system has set up a joint control and prevention network of cities,counties,and districts,as well as special emergency departments in all regions;optimized the personnel allocation and professional disposal teams;improved the number,mode,and coverage of emergency plans,emergency drills,and training;optimized emergency material reserve and dispatch;and standardized institutional construction.The overall incidence of influenza outbreaks decreased from 2.71%to 1.03%and 1.50%;During the different epidemic periods of COVID-19,the average duration of influenza outbreaks decreased continuously,which was 16.70,11.34,and 9.88 days,respectively.The proportion of influenza outbreaks that met the criteria for a public health emergency controlled within an average incubation period increased from 18.75%in the pre-COVID-19 period to 75.00%in the post-COVID-19 period.Conclusion The public health emergency response capacity of Yangzhou city has been improved after the COVID-19 epidemic,but there are still shortcomings in the emergency management mechanism,the function of emergency departments,the multi-trigger monitoring warning system,the quantity and quality of professionals,and the multi-depar

关 键 词：公共卫生应急能力 疫情处置 新冠疫情 扬州市 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]