新疆南疆地区小型啮齿动物多房棘球蚴感染现状与基因型  

Current infection status and genotype of isolated strains of Echinococcus multilocularis in small rodents of Southern Xinjiang

作　　者：赵江山 王蒴[1,2] 张月 张海亭 杨涵琪 ZHAO Jiangshan;WANG Shuo;ZHANG Yue;ZHANG Haiting;YANG Hanqi(State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis,Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China;Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China;Department of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]省部共建中亚高发病成因与防治国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2025年第1期46-51,共6页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：省部共建中亚高发病成因与防治国家重点实验室开放性课题(No.SKL-HIDCA-2022-31);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(No.2022B03013-1)。

摘　　要：目的掌握新疆南疆地区小型啮齿动物多房棘球蚴感染现状及基因型,为当地制定防控措施提供理论依据。方法2023年在新疆和静县、阿图什市、乌恰县捕获小型啮齿类动物并剖检,从病变脏器中提取DNA,对Cox1和Nad2基因进行PCR扩增及测序,并应用MEGA软件构建系统进化树,用DnaSP软件进行基因多态性分析,应用NetWork10进行基因单倍型网络图绘制。结果在3个县(市)共捕捉小型啮齿动物1541只,以普通田鼠(817只,占比53.01%)和小林姬鼠(433至,占比28.1%)为主;经剖检和PCR鉴定,共发现13只小型啮齿动物感染多房棘球蚴,总感染率为0.84%(13/1541),其中11只为普通田鼠,感染率为1.35%(11/817),2只为小林姬鼠,感染率为0.46%(2/433),普通田鼠与小林姬鼠的棘球蚴感染率的差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.15,P>0.05)。和静县、阿图什市、乌恰县小型啮齿动物多房棘球蚴感染率分别为1.40%(7/500)、1.14%(6/527)及0(χ^(2)=6.77,P<0.05)。系统进化树结果显示,13个分离株均属亚洲型。DNA多态性分析结果显示,Cox1基因序列单倍型多样性结果为Hd=0.834±0.054,低核苷酸多样性结果为Pi=0.00460±0.00087;Nad2单倍型多样性结果为Hd=0.758±0.076,核苷酸多样性结果为Pi=0.00599±0.00159,Cox1和Nad2基因存在高单倍体多样性和低核苷酸多样性。单倍型网络图显示,13条Cox1基因序列以H1为主单倍型,H2、H3、四川(AB477012)、新疆(MH259773)、哈萨克斯坦(AB461415)呈散射状分布,与之相连;13条Nad2基因序列与新疆(OP628494)、日本(OP628493)、哈萨克斯坦(AB461406)归为H1单倍型。结论新疆南疆地区和静县与阿图什市存在多房棘球蚴小型啮齿动物感染,普通田鼠和小林姬鼠可作为当地多房棘球绦虫的优势中间宿主,Cox1和Nad2基因存在遗传变异,13个分离株的基因型均为亚洲基因型,单倍型以H1为主。Objective To understand the current infection status and genotype of Echinococcus multilocularis in small rodents in southern Xinjiang,and to provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of local prevention and control measures.Methods In 2023,small rodents were captured and necropsied in Wuqia County,Atushi City,and Hejing County,Xinjiang.DNA was extracted from diseased organs,Cox1 and Nad2 genes were amplified by PCR and sequenced,and MEGA software constructed the phylogenetic tree.Dnasp analyzed the genotype genetic polymorphism of the isolates,and NetWork10 was used to draw the gene haplotype network.Results A total of 1541 small rodents were captured in three counties(cities),with common voles(Microtus arvalis)(53.01%)and Apodemus sylvaticus(28.1%)being predominant.After necropsy and PCR identification,13 small rodents were found to be infected with Echinococcus multilocularis,with an overall infection rate of 0.84%(13/1541).Among them,11 were common voles,with an infection rate of 1.35%(11/817),and 2 were Apodemus sylvaticus,with an infection rate of 0.46%(2/433).There was no significant difference in the infection rate of echinococcosis between voles and Apodemus sylvaticus(χ^(2)=2.15,P>0.05).The infection rates of Echinococcus multilocularis in small rodents in Hejing County,Atushi City,and Wuqia County were 1.40%(7/500),1.15%(6/527),and 0,respectively(χ^(2)=6.77,P<0.05).The results of the phylogenetic tree showed that 13 isolates belonged to the Asian type.The results of DNA polymorphism analysis showed that the haplotype diversity of Cox1 gene sequence was Hd=0.834±0.054,with a low nucleotide diversity of Pi=0.00460±0.00087;for Nad2 gene,haplotype diversity was Hd=0.758±0.076,and nucleotide diversity was Pi=0.00599±0.00159,indicating high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity for both Cox1 and Nad2 genes.The haplotype network diagram showed that the 13 Cox1 gene sequences were dominated by H1 haplotype,with H2,H3,Sichuan(AB477012),Xinjiang(MH259773),and Kazakhstan(AB461415)distribute

关 键 词：新疆南疆地区 小型啮齿动物 多房棘球蚴 基因型 

分 类 号：R532.32[医药卫生—内科学]