海南省2012—2022年儿童副流感病毒呼吸道感染多中心流行病学特征  

Multicenter epidemiological features of parainfluenza virus respiratory tract infections among children in Hainan Province,2012-2022

作　　者：陈秋霞 卢纯 张雪梅 陆雄富 朱厚才 扬子江 万科成 霍开明 CHEN Qiuxia;LU Chun;ZHANG Xuemei;LU Xiongfu;ZHU Houcai;YANG Zijiang;WAN Kecheng;HUO Kaiming(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University,Haikou,Hainan 570311,China;Hainan Provincial People's Hospital,Haikou,Hainan 570100,China;Sanya Central Hospital,Sanya,Hainan 572029,China;People's Hospital of Tunchang County,Tunchang,Hainan 571600,China;Dongfang People's Hospital,Dongfang,Hainan 572600,China;Wanning People's Hospital,Wanning,Hainan 571500,China)

机构地区：[1]海南医科大学第二附属医院,海南海口570311 [2]海南省人民医院,海南海口570100 [3]海南省三亚中心医院,海南三亚572029 [4]海南省屯昌县人民医院,海南屯昌571600 [5]海南省东方市人民医院,海南东方572600 [6]海南省万宁市人民医院,海南万宁571500

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2025年第1期57-61,74,共6页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：海南省卫生健康行业科研项目(No.20A200095)。

摘　　要：目的了解海南省住院患儿在2012年3月—2022年12月期间副流感病毒(Parainfluenza virus,PIV)感染情况,分析其流行病学特征。方法收集海南省6家医院2012年3月—2022年12月在儿科住院的呼吸道感染患儿62553例,采用间接免疫荧光法检测血清中PIV、腺病毒、甲型流感病毒、嗜肺军团菌、呼吸道合胞病毒、肺炎支原体、乙型流感病毒、Q热立克次体、肺炎衣原体等9项呼吸道病原体IgM抗体,对PIV-IgM抗体阳性病例的流行病学和临床资料(时间、性别、年龄、季节等)进行描述性研究分析。结果62553例呼吸道感染患儿的PIV-IgM抗体总阳性率为3.22%(2015/62553),2017年阳性率最高为11.01%(385/3496),2016年阳性率次之为8.37%(351/4196),2016年、2017年PIV-IgM阳性率显著高于其他年份(P<0.001)。男性PIV阳性率为3.18%(1248/39225),女性阳性率为3.29%(767/23328),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。每个年龄段都有感染PIV,6~<12岁组的阳性率最高为4.50%(357/7941),3~<6岁组的阳性率次之为4.47%(656/14689),比其余各年龄组显著升高(P<0.001)。夏季PIV的阳性率最高为4.30%(693/16093),春季次之为3.78%(598/15804),冬季最低为2.27%(342/15065),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。单纯PIV感染为63.08%(1271/2015),混合感染为36.92%(744/2015),最常见合并肺炎支原体感染,为23.13%(466/2015)。结论PIV是海南省儿童急性呼吸道感染的重要病原体,全年散发,呈高低交替的特点。PIV感染与患儿性别无关,好发于学龄前期和学龄期。春夏季为PIV感染高发季节,PIV常合并肺炎支原体感染。Objective To explore the parainfluenza virus(PIV)infection in children hospitalized in Hainan between March 2012 and December 2022,and to analyze its epidemiological characteristics.Methods The samples were obtained from 62553 kids with respiratory infections who were hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics of multiple hospitals in various regions of Hainan from March 2012 to December 2022.Indirect immunofluorescence was employed to detect IgM antibodies in serum for nine respiratory pathogens,including PIV,adenovirus,influenza A virus,Legionella pneumophila,respiratory syncytial virus,Mycoplasma pneumoniae,influenza B virus,Coxiella burnetii,and Chlamydia pneumoniae.Epidemiological and clinical data(time,gender,age,season,etc.)of PIV-IgM antibody-positive cases were analyzed in a descriptive study.Results The total PIV-IgM antibody positive rate of 62553 respiratory tract infected children was 3.29%(2015/62553),with the highest positive rate of 11.01%(385/3496)in 2017,and the second highest positive rate of 8.37%(351/4196)in 2016,which were significantly higher than the positive rate of the rest of the years(P<0.001).The PIV positive rate was 3.18%(1248/39225)in males and 3.29%(767/23328)in females,with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).PIV infection occurred in all age groups,with the highest positive rate in the 6 to<12 years group at 4.50%(357/7941),followed by the 3 to<6 years group at 4.47%(656/14689),significantly higher than other age groups(P<0.001).The highest positive rate for PIV was in summer at 4.30%(693/16093),followed by 3.78%(598/15804)in spring,and the lowest rate of 2.27%(342/15065)in winter,with statistically significant differences(P<0.001).Single PIV infection accounted for 63.08%(1271/2015),while mixed infections accounted for 36.92%(744/2015),and the most common co-infection being with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection at 23.13%(466/2015).Conclusions PIV is an important pathogen for children's acute respiratory infections in Hainan Province,exhibiting year-round sporadic o

关 键 词：副流感病毒 儿童 流行病学 呼吸道病原体 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]