数智赋能背景下政府环境审计的信息效应——基于企业ESG评级分歧的研究  

Information Effects of Government Environmental Audits in the Digital Age--A study on corporate ESG rating divergence

作　　者：谢晓君 徐攀 Xie Xiaojun;Xu Pan

机构地区：[1]嘉兴大学商学院,314001 [2]浙江工业大学管理学院,310014

出　　处：《审计研究》2025年第2期29-42,共14页Auditing Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(项目批准号:23FGLB031);浙江省哲学社会科学规划之江青年专项课题(项目批准号:24ZJQN081YB);浙江省哲学社会科学规划“党的二十大和省委十五届二次全会精神研究阐释”专项课题(课题编号:15)的资助。

摘　　要：ESG评级分歧为资本市场信息不确定性带来显性风险。研究发现:政府环境审计能够显著降低企业ESG评级分歧,且数智技术的赋能有助于强化这一效应。异质性检验表明,因信息透明度差异,数智赋能政府环境审计的信息效应在地方制度环境更差、ESG信息披露程度更低、数字化程度更低的企业以及民营企业样本中更为显著。机制检验结果显示,数智赋能政府环境审计通过增加审计信息供给,减少评级机构信息不对称,降低企业ESG评级分歧。经济后果检验表明,数智赋能政府环境审计的信息效应能够进一步提升股票流动性,改善资本市场信息效率。研究结论有助于深化对数智化政府环境审计经济效应的理解,为完善我国资本市场信息环境提供经验证据和参考依据。ESG rating divergence creates explicit risks by introducing uncertainty to capital markets. The research finds that environmental audits can significantly reduce ESG rating divergence, and the stronger the capability of digital auditing, the greater the decrease in ESG rating divergence. Further heterogeneity tests indicate that the information effects of digital intelligence-empowered government environmental audits are most pronounced in enterprises with weaker local institutional environments, lower ESG information disclosure levels, lower digitization levels, and private ownership — all factors are linked to information transparency. Mechanism tests show that digital environmental audits reduce corporate ESG rating divergence by providing incremental audit information and decreasing information asymmetry between enterprises and rating agencies. Economic consequence tests demonstrate that the information effect of digital environmental audits on ESG rating divergence further enhances stock liquidity, thus improving China's capital market information environment. The findings deepen our understanding of digital intelligence-empowered auditing's economic effects and provide empirical evidence for improving China's capital market information environment.

关 键 词：政府环境审计 数智赋能 ESG评级分歧 信息效应 

分 类 号：F239.4[经济管理—会计学]