2019—2023年北京市通州区严重急性呼吸道感染病例病原流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of pathogens in severe acute respiratory infection cases in Tongzhou District of Beijing,2019-2023

作　　者：张冲[1] 邹林[1] 佟玲[1] 刘肖 杨丽丽 高翔[1] 王芳[1] 张猛 ZHANG Chong;ZOU Lin;TONG Ling;LIU Xiao;YANG Lili;GAO Xiang;WANG Fang;ZHANG Meng(Tongzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 101100,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心,北京101100 [2]北京市通州区郎府社区卫生服务中心

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2025年第3期342-346,共5页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项基金(2021-1G-3015)。

摘　　要：目的了解2019—2023年北京市通州区严重急性呼吸道感染(severe acute respiratory infection,SARI)病例常见8种病毒病原构成及其动态变化,为呼吸道传染病防控提供依据。方法采集2019—2023年北京市通州区某哨点医院非新型冠状病毒感染的SARI病例的呼吸道样本,同时收集相关的临床和流行病学信息。使用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应对样本进行常见8种呼吸道病毒核酸检测及相关的流行病学分析。结果1426例SARI中,194份(13.60%)呼吸道样本至少检测出1种病毒,以单一病毒检出为主(184份,94.85%),检出前3位的病毒依次为流感病毒(influenza virus,Flu)(73份,5.12%)、呼吸道合胞病毒(41份,2.88%)和人副流感病毒(human parainfluenza virus,HPIV)(34份,2.38%);各年龄组间检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=32.785,P<0.05),0~<5岁年龄组检出率较高(22.09%,19/86);季节间检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.450,P<0.05),以冬季检出率较高(18.87%,80/424),呼吸道合胞病毒(6.82%)、HPIV(3.86%)和人偏肺病毒(1.14%)主要在5~<18岁的人群中检出率较高,Flu在≥60岁年龄中检出率较高(6.67%);Flu、人冠状病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒检出高峰为11月—次年4月;鼻病毒为8—9月;HPIV全年散发流行。结论2019—2023年北京市通州区SARI中病毒病原主要以Flu、呼吸道合胞病毒和HPIV为主,各病毒的流行时间和年龄组间存在差异,建议持续加强对SARI病例中呼吸道病毒的流行特征及构成变异的监测。Objective To understand the composition and dynamic changes of the eight common viral pathogens in severe acute respiratory infection(SARI)cases from 2019 to 2023 in Tongzhou District,Beijing,and to provide a basis for the prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases.Methods Respiratory samples were collected from SARI cases without novel coronavirus infection at a sentinel hospital in Tongzhou District,Beijing,from 2019 to 2023,along with relevant clinical and epidemiological information.Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)was used to detect the nucleic acids of eight common respiratory viruses and conduct related epidemiological analyses.Results Among 1426 SARI cases,13.60%(194 cases)had at least one virus detected in their respiratory samples,with single virus detection being the main form(184 cases,94.85%).The top three detected viruses were influenza virus(5.12%,73 cases),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)(2.88%,41 cases),and parainfluenza virus(2.38%,34 cases).There were statistically significant differences in detection rates among different age groups(χ^(2)=32.785,P<0.05),with the highest detection rate in the0-<5 years age group(22.09%,19/86).Seasonal variations in detection rates were also significant(χ^(2)=16.450,P<0.05),with a higher detection rate in winter(18.87%,80/424).RSV,parainfluenza virus,and metapneumovirus had higher detection rates mainly in people under 18 years old,while influenza virus had a higher detection rate in the≥60 age group(6.67%).The detection peaks for influenza virus,coronavirus,and RSV were from November to April,while rhinovirus peaked in August to September,and human parainfluenza virus(HPIV)circulated year-round.Conclusions This study indicates that from 2019 to 2023,the main viral pathogens of SARI in Tongzhou District,Beijing,were influenza virus,RSV,and parainfluenza virus.There were differences in the prevalence times and among age groups for each virus.It is recommended to continue strengthening the monitoring of the epidemiological c

关 键 词：严重急性呼吸道感染 呼吸道病毒 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R373.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]