2019—2023年温州市女性HPV基因分型分析  

Analysis of HPV genotyping among women in Wenzhou City,2019-2023

作　　者：吴晓雪 朱瑶楠 童郁 许前程 郑建琼 张维策 虞瑞珺 朱虹[2] WU Xiaoxue;ZHU Yaonan;TONG Yu;XU Qiancheng;ZHENG Jianqiong;ZHANG Weice;YU Ruijun;ZHU Hong(Wenzhou People's Hospital,Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]温州市人民医院温州市妇幼保健院,浙江温州325000 [2]苏州大学苏州医学院公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2025年第3期353-357,共5页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：温州市科学技术局基础性科研项目(Y20220312)。

摘　　要：目的分析2019—2023年温州市就诊女性的人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)感染率及变化趋势、感染亚型及年龄分布情况,为宫颈癌防治和HPV疫苗接种提供流行病学依据。方法回顾性调查对2019年1月1日—2023年12月31日在温州市人民医院就诊女性的宫颈脱落细胞样本的HPV基因分型检测结果进行描述性分析,采用χ^(2)检验比较HPV感染率、基因型及年龄分布差异。结果2019—2023年温州市123919例女性宫颈样本,共检出HPV阳性患者25185例,HPV平均阳性率为20.32%,呈逐年上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=490.590,P<0.01)。HPV高危型亚型感染率(15.88%)高于低危型亚型(4.45%),两者之间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=46.967,P<0.001)。感染率最高的高危型HPV亚型是52型,为4.89%(6065例),低危型HPV亚型是81型1.80%(2235例)。单一感染率(14.13%)高于多重感染(6.19%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.550,P<0.001)。不同年龄组女性HPV感染呈“U”型双峰分布,15~<20岁组和≥60岁组女性感染率分别为42.42%(540/1273)和31.89%(1567/4914),形成两个感染高峰。不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1093.800,P<0.001)。结论2019—2023年温州市女性HPV感染率呈逐年上升趋势,以高危型HPV亚型感染为主,单一感染最为常见,HPV感染呈低龄化趋势。应加强青少年HPV监测,并在适龄女性中推广HPV疫苗接种,从而有效防治宫颈癌及癌前病变的发生。Objective To analyze the prevalence and trends of human papillomavirus(HPV)infection,infection subtype,and age distribution among women in Wenzhou City from 2019 to 2023,providing epidemiological evidence for cervical cancer prevention and HPV vaccination strategies.Methods A retrospective survey was used to analyze the HPV genotyping results from cervical cytology samples of women who visited Wenzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 1,2019,to December 31,2023.Descriptive analysis was performed,and the differences in HPV infection rates,genotypes,and age distribution were compared using the Chi-square test.Results From 2019 to 2023,a total of 25185 HPV-positive samples were detected in 123919 female cervical specimens in Wenzhou,and the average HPV-positive rate was 20.32%,showing an increasing trend year by year(χ^(2)=490.590,P<0.001).The prevalence of high-risk subtypes of HPV(15.88%)was higher than that of low-risk subtypes(4.45%),and the difference between the two was statistically significant(χ^(2)=46.967,P<0.001).The top highrisk HPV subtype with the highest infection rates was HPV 52,with an infection rate of 4.89%(6065 cases),and the top low-risk HPV subtype with infection rates was HPV 81,with a rate of 1.80%(2235 cases).The rate of single infections(14.13%)was significantly higher than that of multiple infections(χ^(2)=16.550,P<0.001).HPV infections showed a"U"-shaped bimodal distribution among different age groups,with infection rates of 42.42%(540/1273)in the 15 to<20 age group and 31.89%(1567/4914)in the≥60 age group,indicating two peaks of infection.The difference between different age groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=1093.800,P<0.001).Conclusions From2019 to 2023,the HPV infection rate among women in Wenzhou exhibited a yearly increasing trend,predominantly driven by high-risk HPV subtypes,with single infections being the most common.There is a concerning trend of HPV infections occurring at younger ages.Enhanced monitoring of HPV among adolescents and the promotion o

关 键 词：人乳头瘤病毒 基因分型 宫颈癌 疫苗 

分 类 号：R17[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]