大学生吸烟动机与尼古丁依赖程度相关性分析  

Correlation analysis between smoking motivation and nicotine dependence among college students

作　　者：胡欣琳 梁晨 周翔宇 买尔哈巴·阿不力孜 何丽娟[1] HU Xinlin;LIANG Chen;ZHOU Xiangyu;Maierhaba Abulizi;HE Lijuan(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China;Hematologic Center,the First Afiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]新疆医科大学第一附属医院血液病中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2025年第4期532-536,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82260651)。

摘　　要：目的了解新疆乌鲁木齐市高校大学生吸烟动机及尼古丁依赖现状,为降低大学生吸烟率和建设无烟校园提供参考依据。方法2023年1—10月以分层整群抽样方式抽取新疆乌鲁木齐市多所高校一至四年级在校大学生为调查对象,以自填式结构问卷调查学生的一般社会人口学特征、吸烟行为、尝试戒烟行为、尼古丁依赖程度及其影响因素等。结果新疆乌鲁木齐市高校大学生吸烟率为11.01%,尝试戒烟率为48.67%,吸烟者中平均尼古丁依赖程度为轻度依赖,分析其吸烟动机为满足心理需求。不同尼古丁依赖程度吸烟者心理特质各维度(心理意向、手口活动、享乐、镇静、刺激、瘾以及自动)得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。吸烟原因问卷中心理意象、手口活动、享乐、镇静、刺激、瘾和自动因子与尼古丁依赖均呈正相关(r=0.315、0.387、0.370、0.341、0.310、0.441、0.362,均P<0.05)。多重线性回归结果显示,瘾维度得分是吸烟者尼古丁依赖程度的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论影响吸烟者尼古丁依赖程度的因素为瘾因素,应开展多项活动增强吸烟者戒烟意识,从减轻大学生压力和成瘾方面入手进行吸烟者的戒烟干预。Objective To understand the current situation of smoking motivation and nicotine dependence among college students in Urumqi of Xinjiang,in order to provide a reference basis for reducing the smoking prevalence among college students and building smoke-free campuses.Methods A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to investigate students'general sociodemographic characteristics,smoking behavior,attempts to quit smoking,nicotine dependence level,and their influencing factors by sampling first to fourth year college students from multiple colleges and universities in Urumqi City of Xinjiang from January to October 2023 in a stratified whole-cluster sampling method.Results The smoking rate of college students at colleges and universities in Urumqi of Xinjiang was 11.01%,and the rate of attempts to quit smoking was 48.67%,and the average nico tine dependence level among smokers was mild dependence,and the motivation for smoking was analyzed to satisfy their psy chological needs.In the comparison of the scores of the dimensions of psychological traits of smokers with different nicotine dependence levels,including mental intention,hand-oral activity,hedonic,sedation,stimulation,addiction,and automaticity,the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The scores of the smoking reason questionnaire for mental imagery,hand-oral activity,hedonic,sedation,stimulation,addiction,and automatic factors were positively correlated with nicotine dependence(r=0.315,0.387,0.370,0.341,0.310,0.441,0.362,all P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression showed that addiction dimension score was an influential factor in the level of nicotine dependence among smokers(P<0.05).Conclusion The factors that affect the degree of nicotine dependence among smokers are addiction factors,and several activities should be carried out to enhance smokers'awareness of smoking cessation,and smoking cessation interventions for smokers should be carried out in terms of reducing stress and addiction among college students.

关 键 词：高校大学生 吸烟行为 尼古丁依赖 心理特质 相关分析 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学]