甘肃景泰白墩子盐沼国家湿地公园土壤生态化学计量特征  

Ecological stoichiometric characteristics of soil in Baidunzi Salt Marsh National Wetland Park,Jingtai,Gansu Province

作　　者：郭思淼 周晓雷[1] 任菊 王润龙 樊玉科 刘锐 张晓玮 Guo Simiao;Zhou Xiaolei;Ren Ju;Wang Runlong;Fan Yuke;Liu Rui;Zhang Xiaowei(Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2025年第2期252-261,共10页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家专项资金甘肃景泰白墩子盐沼国家湿地公园生态监测项目(03723169)。

摘　　要：生态化学计量学是关于生态系统能量流动和养分循环动态的科学,是生态学的重要领域。以甘肃景泰白墩子盐沼国家湿地公园表层土壤(0~20 cm)为研究对象,依据8类典型植物群落的分布特征布设24组样点,采集土壤样品,分析土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)及全钾(TK)之间的相关性及差异性,旨在揭示白墩子盐沼国家湿地公园土壤生态化学计量特征(SOC、TN、TP、TK、C/N、C/P、N/P、N/K)以及群落类型和土壤理化因子之间的关系,为白墩子盐沼国家湿地公园的科学管理和生态调控提供理论依据和数据支撑。结果表明:(1)研究区土壤SOC、TN、TP、TK的平均值分别为8.20、0.96、0.21、1.85 g·kg^(-1);化学计量比C/N、C/P、N/P、N/K的均值分别为10.34、52.96、7.54、0.99;(2)各植物群落土壤之间生态化学计量特征均存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中土壤SOC含量为柽柳(Tamarix chinensis)群落最大,芦苇(Phragmites australis)群落最小;土壤TN含量为盐角草(Salicornia europaea)群落最大,是碱蓬(Suaeda glauca)群落的2.03倍;土壤TP含量柽柳(Tamarix chinensis)群落最大,为盐角草(Salicornia europaea)群落的4.50倍;土壤TK含量柽柳群落最大,是小果白刺(Nitraria sibirica)群落的8.80倍;(3)研究区内土壤SOC、TN、TP含量极显著相关(P<0.01);(4)冗余分析(RDA)表明土壤有效磷、p H及地上生物量是解释土壤生态化学计量特征变异的重要因子,三者对土壤生态化学计量特征的贡献率达68.10%。综上所述,研究区内土壤SOC、TN、TP、TK含量均低于中国沼泽湿地土壤平均水平,表明研究区域土壤中SOC、TN、TP、TK含量较为匮乏;各植物群落间土壤生态化学计量均存在显著差异,土壤有效磷、p H及地上生物量是影响白墩子盐沼国家湿地公园土壤生态化学计量特征的主要土壤理化因子;土壤N/P低于14,表明土壤TN含量是限制湿地公园灌丛生长的主要因素。Ecological stoichiometry is an important means of studying the dynamics of energy flow and nutrient cycling in ecosystems,and is also one of the important fields of ecological research.This study focuses on the surface soil(0-20 cm)of Baidunzi Salt Marsh National Wetland Park in Jingtai,Gansu Province.Based on the distribution characteristics of 8 typical plant communities,24 sample points were set up to collect soil samples and analyze the differences and correlations between the stoichiometric characteristics of soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),and total potassium(TK).The aim is to reveal the soil ecological stoichiometry characteristics(SOC,TN,TP,TK,C/N,C/P,N/P,N/K)of Baidunzi Salt Marsh National Wetland Park and their relationship with community types and soil physicochemical factors,in order to provide theoretical basis and data support for the scientific management and ecological regulation of Baidunzi Salt Marsh National Wetland Park.The results showed that:(1)the average values of soil SOC,TN,TP,and TK in the study area were 8.20,0.96,0.21,1.85 g·kg^(-1),respectively;The mean values of stoichiometric ratios C/N,C/P,N/P,and N/K are 10.34,52.96,7.54,and 0.99,respectively;(2)There were significant differences(P<0.05)in the ecological stoichiometry of soil among different plant communities,with soil SOC content being highest in the Tamarix chinensis community and lowest in the Phragmites australis community;The soil TN content is the highest in the Salicornia europaea community,which is twice that of the Suaeda glauca community;The soil TP content in the Tamarix chinensis community is the highest,which is 4.50 times that of the Salicornia europaea community;The soil TK content in the Tamarix chinensis community is the highest,8.8 times that of the Nitraria sibirica community;(3)There is a highly significant correlation(P<0.01)between soil SOC,TN,and TP content in the study area;(4)Redundancy analysis(RDA)shows that soil available phosphorus,p H,and aboveground biomass are impo

关 键 词：生态化学计量 土壤 盐沼湿地 理化性质 

分 类 号：S714.8[农业科学—林学]