夏家店下层文化未成年人埋葬问题分析  

Analysis of Juvenile Burials in the Lower Xiajiadian Culture

作　　者：闫红贤 李怡彤 Yan Hongxian;Li Yitong

机构地区：[1]西北大学文化遗产学院

出　　处：《北方文物》2025年第2期56-62,97,共8页Northern Cultural Relics

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大专项“中国文明起源的历程”(项目编号:2024JZDZ055)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：大甸子墓地是目前已发掘的最大规模的夏家店下层文化墓地,其中包含170座未成年人墓葬。这些未成年人墓葬与成年人墓葬处于同一墓地,空间上没有明显分区。未成年人以单人葬为主,少数与成年人合葬,墓内的随葬品种类与成年人墓葬大致相同,但缺乏生产工具和斧钺等代表身份的物品。这种现象可能说明,当时未成年人没有参与社会等级划分,也未形成显性的埋葬制度来规范未成年人群体。比较视野下,夏家店下层文化的未成年人埋葬习俗与东北地区史前文化中的未成年人居室葬迥异,也区别于二里头文化时期中原地区以瓮棺葬和土坑墓为主的未成年人葬俗,具有鲜明的区域文化特征。The Dadianzi Cemetery is the largest excavated cemetery of the Lower Xiajiadian Culture to date,containing 170 juvenile burials.These juvenile burials are located within the same cemetery as adult burials,with no clear spatial differentiation.The majority of the juvenile burials are single interments,although a few are joint burials with adults.The grave goods associated with the juvenile burials are similar to those found in adult graves,but lack items associated with production tools or status markers,such as axes or yue.This pattern may suggest that juveniles at the time did not participate in the social hierarchy,and that no distinct burial system was in place to regulate juvenile burials.In comparative perspective,the juvenile burial customs of the Lower Xiajiadian Culture differ markedly from those of prehistoric cultures in Northeast China,where juvenile burials often involved house burials.They also contrast with the burial practices of the Central Plains during the Erlitou Culture period,where juvenile burials were typically in urns or pit graves,highlighting the distinct regional cultural characteristics of the Lower Xiajiadian Culture.

关 键 词：夏家店下层文化 大甸子墓地 未成年人 埋葬习俗 

分 类 号：K871.2[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]