普化机制与集团式迁徙:文化变迁的两种模式——以东北亚走廊与北美北极航道为例  

Oecumene and Group Migration:Two Models of Cultural Change——Case Studies of the Northeast Asian Corridor and the North American Arctic Route

作　　者：曲枫 Qu Feng

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学文物与博物馆学系 [2]聊城大学北冰洋研究中心

出　　处：《北方文物》2025年第2期103-108,共6页Northern Cultural Relics

摘　　要：造成文化因子流动的原因归纳为两种模式:一是普化模式;二是集团式迁徙。前者意味着贸易、战争等社会因素促成了人口流动与人际接触,从而使文化因子产生流动。后者则是因为大规模族群或集团长距离移动所导致文化板块的整体移动,并与新的自然环境发生互动。聚焦于白令海峡地区和北美北极地区的史前爱斯基摩文化,以北方海洋传统为例,阐释文化变迁的普化机制,以古爱斯基摩与新爱斯基摩的两次东迁为例,分析规模化人口流动机制的特点与动因。This paper classifies the causes of cultural factor flow into two models:the oecumene model and group migration.The former refers to population movement and interpersonal contact driven by social factors such as trade and war,which,in turn,facilitate the flow of cultural elements.The latter,on the other hand,involves the large-scale movement of ethnic groups or communities over long distances,leading to the overall displacement of cultural zones and their interaction with new natural environments.This study focuses on prehistoric Eskimo cultures in the Bering Strait region and the North American Arctic.The main body is divided into two parts.The first part uses the Northern Maritime Tradition as a case study to explain the oecumene model of cultural change.The second part examines the two eastward migrations of the Paleo eskimos and Neoe-skimos,analyzing the characteristics and driving forces behind large-scale population movement.

关 键 词：普化 集团式迁徙 文化变迁 东北亚走廊 北极航道 

分 类 号：K103[历史地理—历史学]