光肩星天牛对河西走廊几种树种的寄主选择研究  

Study on host selection of Anoplohora glabripennis to several tree species in the Hexi Corridor

作　　者：赵晨茵 王改进 杨宗基 王萱 李文兴 任利利[3] 骆有庆[3] 王立祥 ZHAO Chen-Yin;WANG Gai-Jin;YANG Zong-Ji;WANG Xuan;LI Wen-Xing;REN Li-Li;LUO You-Qing;WANG Li-Xiang(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Jiayuguan City,Jiayuguan 735100,China;Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,兰州730070 [2]嘉峪关市林业和草原局,嘉峪关735100 [3]北京林业大学林木有害生物防治北京市重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2025年第1期42-52,共11页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32160379);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1401000);国家林业和草原局揭榜挂帅项目(202401-10);兰州市科技计划项目(2023-QN-47);嘉峪关市重点研发计划(24-23)。

摘　　要：【目的】沙枣Elaeagnusangustifolia作为甘肃河西走廊地区植树造林的先锋树种,对光肩星天牛Anoplophoraglabripennis有诱杀功能,但与其他寄主树种相比,光肩星天牛对沙枣的选择偏向性尚没有量化。【方法】通过室内寄主选择试验,测试光肩星天牛对不同树种的产卵选择,并结合野外调查自然条件下光肩星天牛对不同树种的行为选择和危害情况,评估沙枣作为诱杀树保护抗虫树种新疆杨Populus alba var.pyramidalis的可行性。【结果】室内试验结果显示,光肩星天牛偏好在高感树种二白杨Populus×xiaohei var.gansuensis木段上刻槽,平均每个木段上刻槽数达(16.0±4.5)个;其次为沙枣和感虫树种旱柳Salix matsudana,平均每个木段刻槽数分别为(11.3±2.8)和(7.5±2.8)个,新疆杨木段上仅有1个刻槽,这与光肩星天牛对沙枣与其他树种两两选择结果一致。在配植沙枣的混交林中,沙枣和二白杨上光肩星天牛成虫取食、栖息、交配、刻槽和产卵等行为的频次显著多于其他树种(P <0.05),且沙枣上天牛取食痕迹的数量和当年新刻槽的数量显著多于线叶柳Salixwilhelmsiana、旱柳和新疆杨(P<0.05),与二白杨无明显差异(P>0.05),说明沙枣树对光肩星天牛成虫有很强的引诱能力。不同混交林样地的新疆杨上光肩星天牛成虫活动极少,几乎无受害。不同寄主树种上光肩星天牛的有卵刻槽率无显著差异(P> 0.05),均大于70%。【结论】光肩星天牛成虫的取食和刻槽均对沙枣树有明显的选择偏好性,沙枣可作为诱杀树种高效保护抗性树种新疆杨。[Aim] To determine the relative preference of the Asian longhorned beetle,Anoplophora glabripennis,for ovipositing on the Russian olive tree,Elaeagnus angustifolia,a species with the ability to kill the eggs and larvae of this pest and that is also a pioneer tree species for afforestation in the Hexi Corridor region in Gansu Province.[Methods] The oviposition preferences of A.glabripennis for different tree species were tested under laboratory conditions,and combined with field surveys of the damage caused by A.glabripennis on different tree species in the field.[Results] Laboratory tests of the oviposition preferences of A.glabripennis revealed a preference for Populus × xiaohei var.gansuensis,with an average number of oviposition scars of(16.0±4.5) per segment.This was followed by E.angustifolia and the insect-susceptible tree species Salix matsudana,with an average of(11.3±2.8) and(7.5±2.8)oviposition scars per segment,respectively.The least preferred host species was P.alba var.pyramidalis with only one oviposition scar.A two-by-two comparison of date palms and other potential hosts revealed no difference in the number of eggs laid on E.angustifolia compared to other tree species.In mixed forests planted with E.angustifolia,the numbers of adult A.glabripennis feeding,perching,mating,scarring and ovipositing,on E.angustifolia and P.gansuensis were significantly higher than on other tree species(P < 0.05).The numbers of A.glabripennis feeding and scarring on E.angustifolia were significantly higher than on Salix wilhelmsiana,S.matsudana and P.alba var.pyramidalis(P < 0.05),but were not significantly different than on P.gansuensis(P > 0.05).These results indicate that E.angustifolia is highly attractive to A.glabripennis.Very few adult A.glabripennis were found on P.alba var.pyramidalis in different mixed forest plots,and almost no damage was observed on this species.There was no significant difference in the proportion of individual trees of each species that had A.glabripennis oviposition scars;> 70 % of t

关 键 词：光肩星天牛 寄主树种 树种选择 沙枣树 

分 类 号：S763.38[农业科学—森林保护学]