台基直径对中华蜜蜂育王效果的综合评价  

The effect of queen cell cup diameter on the artificial rearing of Apis cerana cerana(Hymenoptera:Apidae) queens

作　　者：黄知楚 陈道印 赵东绪 罗谷辉 华启云 倪伟成 苏晓玲 HUANG Zhi-Chu;CHEN Dao-Yin;ZHAO Dong-Xu;LUO Gu-Hui;HUA Qi-Yun;NI Wei-Cheng;SU Xiao-Ling(Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinhua 321017,China;Pan’an Medicine Township Bee Valley Ecological Agriculture and Forestry Co.,LTD.,Jinhua 322300,China)

机构地区：[1]金华市农业科学研究院,金华321017 [2]磐安县药乡蜂谷生态农林有限公司,金华322300

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2025年第1期245-252,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：现代农业(蜂)产业技术体系专项(CARS-44-SYZ6);浙江省畜牧技术团队项目(区域试验站);金华市科技计划项目(2021-2-030);浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划(2023ZDXT17-01)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究台基直径对中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana人工育王效果的影响,优化中华蜜蜂人工育王技术操作方法。【方法】开展中华蜜蜂人工育王实验,比较直径为6.0、7.0、8.0、9.0、10.0、11.0和12.0mm的7种台基对王台大小、蜂王出房率、蜂王初生重的影响,并基于主成分分析法对蜂王初生形态指标进行综合评价。【结果】不同直径台基建造的王台尺寸经中华蜜蜂改造后差异较小,但显著影响蜂王出房率和跗节长、胫节长、背板5宽、头长、头宽、上颚宽形态指标(P<0.05)。使用7.0mm直径台基培育蜂王出房率较高,蜂王形态综合评价排序为7.0 mm>6.0 mm>9.0 mm>8.0 mm>10.0 mm。【结论】建议中华蜜蜂人工育王生产上优先选择7.0 mm直径台基。[Aim] To investigate the effect of queen cell cup diameter on the artificial rearing of Apis cerana cerana queens.[Methods] The effects of seven different cup diameters(6.0,7.0,8.0,9.0,10.0,11.0,and 12.0 mm) on queen cell size,emergence rate,and initial queen body weight,were measured and compared.In addition,principal component analysis was used to compare the morphological characteristics of newly emerged queens from queen cell cups of various diameters.[Results] Minimal differences in queen cell size had a significant impact on emergence rate and several morphological indices,such as metatarsus length,tibia length,longitudinal diameter of tergite 5,head length,head width and mandible width(P<0.05).Queens reared in 7.0 mm queen cups had higher emergence rates,and queen cell cup size could be ranked with respect to queen body size as follows:7.0 mm > 6.0 mm > 9.0 mm > 8.0 mm > 10.0 mm.[Conclusion] 7.0 mm diameter cups are the best for the artificial rearing of A.c.cerana queens.

关 键 词：中华蜜蜂 人工育王 台基直径 出房率 蜂王形态 

分 类 号：S894[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]