疫苗可预防疾病突破病例的研究进展  

Research progress on breakthrough cases of vaccine-preventable diseases

作　　者：苏颖 朱瑶 周洋[2] 郑舒涵 罗锋 何寒青[2,4] Su Ying;Zhu Yao;Zhou Yang;Zheng Shuhan;Luo Feng;He Hanqing(School of Public Health,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou 310053,China;Department of Immunization Program,Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310051,China;School of Public Health,Hangzhou Medical College,Hangzhou,Hangzhou 310000,China;Zhejiang Key Lab of Vaccine,Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Hangzhou 310051,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江中医药大学公共卫生学院,杭州310053 [2]浙江省疾病预防控制中心免疫规划所,杭州310051 [3]杭州医学院公共卫生学院,杭州310000 [4]浙江省传染病疫苗与预防控制研究重点实验室,杭州310051

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2025年第4期535-541,共7页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生计划项目(2024KY885)。

摘　　要：接种疫苗是预防控制针对疾病最有效的措施,但部分个体完成疫苗接种后,仍可能会被感染发病,被称为疫苗免疫后“突破病例”。突破病例的发生表明,疫苗接种虽可以有效降低疾病的发生率和死亡率,但并不能完全避免发病。了解疫苗免疫后突破病例的发生情况、流行病学特征、临床表现及其影响因素,对于疫苗研发、优化免疫策略以及有针对性调整防控措施等都具有重要的意义。本文旨在通过对常见疫苗可预防疾病的突破病例定义、流行特征及相关因素进行梳理,为疫苗可预防疾病防控策略提供参考。Immunization represents the most effective strategy for the prevention and control of diseases.Nevertheless,some people may still get infected and contract the disease even after being fully vaccinated,which is known as a"breakthrough case."The presence of breakthrough cases shows that although vaccines significantly lower the rates of disease and death,they do not entirely eliminate the risk of illness.Addressing breakthrough cases,comprehending their epidemiological characteristics,and identifying the associated factors carry substantial public health implications for vaccine development,the optimization of vaccination strategies,and the implementation of intervention efforts.This review aims to provide a scientific reference for enhancing the prevention and control of vaccine-preventable diseases by summarizing the definitions,epidemiological characteristics,and relevant factors related to breakthrough infection cases across various diseases.

关 键 词：突破病例 疫苗 流行特征 研究进展 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]