从古典学视野来看林传甲的《中国文学史》  

Viewing Lin Chuanjia's A History of Chinese Literature from the Perspective of Classical Studies

作　　者：钱志熙[1] Qian Zhixi(the Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Peking University,Haidian District,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学中文系,北京市海淀区100871

出　　处：《文艺理论研究》2025年第1期56-70,共15页Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

摘　　要：林传甲的《中国文学史》是现代文学史教学与研究形态的开山之作,但其所体现的是中国传统的文学及文学史观。由于与后来主流的文学史著作在观念与方法上的巨大差异,林著向来以受批评为多。林氏融合近代的桐城派、扬州派的文学史观念,采用京师大学堂“中国文学研究法”的教学提纲,以述词章、列文体为基本的内容,将其书分为十六专题,并以传统的“纪事本末”之体,对每一文学史专题问题进行通史式的叙述。林著是在经、史、子、集四分的体系中叙述文学史,与后来以历时为结构、以诗歌、散文、小说、戏曲为单元体的文学史是有很大的不同的。林著着重于“文章”,其书所述古文、骈文的内容较多,其述诗歌史不太成系统,于小说、戏曲有所轻视,但还是适时地纳入其中。林著可以说是一本以新体述古学的古典学性质的文学史。Lin Chuanjia's A History of Chinese Literature is a pioneering work in the teaching and research of modern literary history.However,it reflects the traditional Chinese perspective of literature and literary history.Lin's work has been widely criticized for its significant differences in concepts and methods compared to the mainstream literary history works that followed.In his book,Lin integrated the literary historical concepts of the Tongcheng School and the Yangzhou School of the modern times.He adopted the curriculum framework of“Research Methods of Chinese Literature”from the Imperial University of Peking and focused on describing literary works and enumerating literary styles as its core content.The book is divided into sixteen special topics,each of which is narrated in the form of a general history,following the traditional style of a“record of historical events”.Lin's approach organizes literary history based on the traditional division of literature into the four categories:classics,histories,philosophers and collections.This differs significantly from the later literary histories that adopt a diachronic structure and classify literature into unitary forms of poetry,prose,fiction,and drama.Lin's work emphasizes“literary works”,devoting more content to ancient prose and parallel prose.While his treatment of poetry history is not particularly systematic,and he expresses some disdain for fiction and drama,he still includes them in a timely manner.It can be said that Lin's work is a literary history of a classical nature,presenting ancient knowledge in a new form.

关 键 词：林传甲 文学史 京师大学堂 古典学 

分 类 号：I209[文学—中国文学]