帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的保护法益  

Legal Interests of the Crime of Assisting Information-Network Criminal Activities

作　　者：劳东燕[1] LAO Dongyan(Law School,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院,北京100084

出　　处：《法学论坛》2025年第2期5-16,共12页Legal Forum

摘　　要：为合理限定帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的处罚范围,明确其保护法益有其必要。当前主流刑法理论围绕该罪展开的解读,因受制于共犯论的框架而往往在法益论上采取从属性的路径,认为帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的法益依附于其所帮助的网络犯罪。从属性路径的法益观并不可取,与之相对的信息网络安全管理秩序说也存在明显的不足。在解读帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的保护法益时,需要遵循来自所规整领域的事理性制约与来自方法论的相应要求。无论是立足于实体性还是方法论的角度,现有两种法益观都有不尽人意之处。在刑法对网络系统的保护框架中,帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪作为信息犯罪应定位于其中的信息层;这样的定位使得信息犯罪有别于计算机信息系统犯罪与数据犯罪,前者与后二者各自所规制的风险与保护的法益也存在重大差异。帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的设立,涉及的是对网络系统信息层外部性效应的处理;所谓的外部性效应,具体是指通过网络的社会沟通而为他人实施犯罪提供助益的方面,其指向的是建立在人际之间的高度连接与弱关联基础上并被网络放大的便利或促进他人实施犯罪的风险。有必要以该类风险为基础来界定帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的法益内容。在帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的法益问题上采取风险说,不仅有助于对所规制的行为类型与方式做出合理的解读,而且有助于明确其归责依据与不法重心之所在。In order to reasonably limit the scope of incrimination for the crime of Assisting Information-Network Criminal Activities,it is necessary to clarify its legal interests.Due to the constraint of the framework of complicity,Chinese current mainstream criminal theory is inclined to adopt a derivative approach in the problem of this crime’s theory of legal interests,arguing that the legal interests protected by the Crime of Assisting Information-Network Criminal Activities are dependent on the network crimes being assisted.This derivative approach to the theory of legal interests is not advisable,and the alternative doctrine of information-network security management order also has obvious shortcomings.When interpreting the legal interests protected by the Crime of Assisting Information-Network Criminal Activities,people need to follow the constraints of rationality from the regulated field and some methodological requirements.Whether from a substantive or methodological standpoint,the existing two theories of legal interests both have their unsatisfactory aspects.Within the framework of Chinese criminal law's protection of network system,the Crime of Assisting Information-Network Criminal Activities,as an information crime,should be positioned at the information layer of network system.This positioning distinguishes information crimes from computer information system crimes and data crimes,with the former and the latter two regulating different risks and protecting different legal interests.The establishment of the Crime of Assisting Information-Network Criminal Activities involves dealing with the externalities of the information layer of network system.The so-called externalities specifically refer to the facilitation or promotion of criminal activities by others through social communication on the network,which is based on high connectivity and weak associations between people and amplified by the network.The legal interests of the Crime of Assisting Information-Network Criminal Activities should be based on t

关 键 词：帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪 信息犯罪 非法利用信息网络罪 拒不履行信息网络安全管理义务罪 数据犯罪 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]