植物内源性病毒研究进展  

Research progress on the endogenous viruses of plants

作　　者：王宗能 祁杏漾 刘健 苏代发 杨俊誉 崔晓龙 Zongneng Wang;Xingyang Qi;Jian Liu;Daifa Su;Junyu Yang;Xiaolong Cui(School of Life Sciences,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Virology&Immunology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学生命科学学院,昆明650500 [2]云南省病毒与免疫国际联合实验室,昆明650500

出　　处：《生物多样性》2025年第2期180-192,共13页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960220,31660089);重点研发计划-建设面向南亚东南亚科技创新中心专项(202303AP140004);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目资助(2025J0015)。

摘　　要：内源性病毒元件(endogenous viral elements,EVEs)是指存在于细胞生物基因组中的病毒DNA序列。动物基因组中已被报道存在逆转录病毒的整合,而植物病毒由于不编码整合酶一度被认为无法整合到植物基因组中。然而,随着生物信息学与比较基因组学的发展与应用,植物基因组中被不断报道存在病毒核酸的整合,并发现与植物的生长、发育、适应与进化息息相关。本文总结了植物基因组中整合的病毒类型与多样性、病毒整合与激活机制及病毒整合对植物的危害和有益作用。同时,本文还概述了植物基因组中EVEs的挖掘方法,为生产遗传稳定且无病毒的植物材料(如脱毒苗)、追溯病毒的起源,以及探讨植物与其内源性病毒的相互作用、共适应与协同进化等研究提供参考。Background&Aim:Endogenous viral elements(EVEs)refer to viral DNA sequences intergrated into the genomes of cellular organisms.The integration of retroviral elements has been reported in animal genomes,while plant viruses were once thought to be incapable of integrate into plant genomes because they do not encode integrases.However,with the advancement and application of bioinformatics and comparative genomics,the integration of viral nucleic acids in plant genomes has been continuously reported,and showing close associations with the healthy growth,development,adaptation and evolution of plants.This review aims to provide insights for producing genetically stable and virus-free plant materials(such as virus-free seedlings),tracing the origin of viruses,and exploring the interaction,coadaptation and coevolution of host plants and their endogenous viruses.Progresses:This review summarizes the types and diversity of integrated viruses in plant genomes,the mechanisms of viral integration and activation,the harmful and beneficial effects of viral integration on plants,and outlines the methods for exploring EVEs within plant genomes.Prospects:We emphasize that endogenous virus mining can be carried out throughout the plant domain from lower to higher plants,to reveal the characteristics of viral infection in various plants in the past,and explore the potential role,function and contribution of viruses in the evolution of plants from aquatic to terrestrial,from low to high.In addition,we advocate the use of multiple techniques to investigate the mechanisms of viral infection,integration,activation,and host genetic control in order to clarify the mechanisms of endogenous virus integration,control,and activation,while providing more accurate insights into endogenous virus-host interactions.Our article can help the study of endogenous viruses in plants.

关 键 词：植物 病毒 内源性病毒元件(EVEs) 内源性类逆转录病毒(EPRVs) 花椰菜花叶病毒科 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]