互动规范性视阈下孤独症儿童交际的断裂类偶然性  

Examining Disruptive Contingency in Autistic Communication from the Perspective of Interactional Normativity

作　　者：于国栋 YU Guodong(College of Foreign Languages,Ocean University of China,Laoshan District,Qingdao 266100,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学外国语学院,山东省青岛市266100

出　　处：《现代外语》2025年第2期147-158,共12页Modern Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“门诊医患冲突与和谐医患沟通的多模态会话分析研究”(23BYY168)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：随着孤独症(俗称自闭症)儿童确诊人数不断增加,孤独症获得了越来越多的关注。孤独症的成因、诊断、干预等都成了重要的研究课题。在语言学领域内,心理语言学致力于探究孤独症儿童与普通儿童在语言产出与理解方面的异同,语料库语言学利用其语料处理优势来发现孤独症儿童的语篇特征,会话分析则以真实发生的孤独症互动为语料来发掘孤独症儿童的互动规律。遗憾的是,诸多研究依然将孤独症人群互动等同于交流障碍。鉴于此,本研究从会话分析视角出发,主张平等看待孤独症儿童及其互动,将互动偶然性划分为断裂类偶然性与非断裂类偶然性,断裂类偶然性为孤独症儿童互动的本质特征。我们提倡普通人群从孤独症儿童的视角出发,理解、分析孤独症儿童在互动中建构的社会规范,探索与利用孤独症儿童交际的断裂类偶然性。这不仅有利于孤独症儿童参与社会互动,而且有利于孤独症儿童回归普通人的社会生活。With a remarkable increase in the number of autistic children,autism has attracted increasing attention.Correspondingly,the formation,diagnosis,and intervention of autism have become important research topics.Within linguistics,psycholinguistics has researched the similarities and differences in interaction between autistic and ordinary children,corpus linguistics has taken advantage of data processing to investigate the discourse features produced by autistics,and conversation analysis has scrutinized the features of naturally occurring autistic communication.Unfortunately,many studies simply equal autistic communication to communicative disorders.This study,utilizing the lens of conversation analysis,advocates for treating autistic children and autistic communication equally,it categorizes contingency into disruptive and non-disruptive types,and holds the view that autistic communication exhibits the distinctive characteristic of disruptive contingency.We propose embracing the perspective of autistics to comprehend the social norms they establish and to explore and exploit the potential of disruptive contingency.By doing this,we not only facilitate the participation of autistic children in social interaction but also pave the way for their integration into the lives of ordinary social members.

关 键 词：孤独症 互动 规范性 断裂类偶然性 

分 类 号：H0-05[语言文字—语言学]