ICU护士报警疲劳的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究  

Potential profile analysis and influencing factors of alarm fatigue in ICU nurse

作　　者：米娇 谭煜炜 唐秋菊 袁榕[1] MI Jiao;TAN Yuwei;TANG Qiuju;YUAN Rong(Department of Neurological Intensive Care,Deyang People's Hospital,Deyang,Sichuan 618000,China;Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,Deyang People's Hospital,Deyang,Sichuan 618000,China;Emergency Care Unit,Deyang People's Hospital,Deyang,Sichuan 618000,China)

机构地区：[1]德阳市人民医院神经重症监护室,四川德阳618000 [2]德阳市人民医院肝胆外科,四川德阳618000 [3]德阳市人民医院急诊科监护室,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2025年第5期663-669,共7页Occupation and Health

基　　金：川北医学院2023年度四川省基层卫生事业发展研究中心资助项目(SWFZ23-Q-78)。

摘　　要：目的探讨重症监护病房(intensive care unit,ICU)护士报警疲劳的潜在类别及特征性差异,并对其相关影响因素进行分析。方法采用便利抽样法,于2023年1—5月选取四川省10家医院3种ICU(综合ICU、神经外科ICU、急诊ICU)的276名护士作为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、临床报警疲劳量表、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表简体中文版(depression anxiety stress scale,DASS-21)、美国国家航空航天局任务符合指数量表对ICU护士报警疲劳特征进行潜在剖面分析,并通过单因素分析和多元logistic回归分析对其潜在剖面的影响因素进行识别。结果ICU护士的报警疲劳量表总得分为(24.40±6.84)分,心理负荷量表总得分为(87.83±15.51)分,负性情绪量表总得分为17.00(9.00,26.00)分。ICU护士报警疲劳可分为3个潜在剖面,分别为高度疲劳—高压力组78人(28.26%)、中度疲劳—低专注力组134人(48.55%)、轻度疲劳—低情绪组64人(23.19%)。无序多分类logistic回归分析结果显示,以中度疲劳—低专注力组为参照,压力(OR=1.260,P<0.05)、负荷感受(OR=1.137,P<0.01)是高度疲劳—高压力组的预测因素,焦虑(OR=0.775,P<0.05)、压力(OR=0.716,P<0.01)、省级医院(OR=0.260,P<0.05)和工作年限为0~<5年(OR=8.005,P<0.05)是轻度疲劳—低情绪组的预测因素。结论ICU护士报警疲劳特征存在异质性,可分为3个潜在剖面。护理管理者可根据不同潜在剖面的影响因素对ICU护士进行个体化干预,以降低其报警疲劳。Objective To explore the potential types and characteristic differences of alarm fatigue among nurses in intensive care unit(ICU),and analyze the related influencing factors.Methods Convenience sampling was used to select 276 nurses from 3 kinds of ICUs(comprehensive ICU,neurosurgical ICU,emergency ICU)in 10 hospitals in Sichuan Province as the survey objects from January to May 2023.General information questionnaire,clinical alarm fatigue scale,depression anxiety stress scale(DASS-21)and the national aeronautics and space administration(NASA)mission compliance index were used to analyze the potential profile of alarm fatigue characteristics of ICU nurse.The influencing factors of the potential profile were identified by single factor analysis and logistic regression analysis.Results The total score of alarm fatigue scale of ICU nurses was(24.40±6.84)points,the total score of psychological load scale was(87.83±15.51)points,and the total score of negative emotion scale was 17.00(9.00,26.00)points.The alarm fatigue of ICU nurses could be divided into three potential profiles,namely,high fatigue-high stress group[78 individuals(28.26%)],moderate fatigue-low concentration group[134 individuals(48.55%)],mild fatigue-low mood group[64 individuals(23.19%)].The results of unordered multi-classification logistic regression analysis showed that compared with moderate fatigue and low concentration group,stress(OR=1.260,P<0.05)and load perception(OR=1.137,P<0.01)were the predictors of high fatigue and high stress group,while anxiety(OR=0.775,P<0.05),stress(OR=0.716,P<0.01),provincial hospitals(OR=0.260,P<0.05)and working experience of 0-<5 years(OR=8.005,P<0.05)were the predictors of mild fatigue and low mood group.Conclusion The alarm fatigue characteristics of ICU nurses are heterogeneous and can be divided into 3 potential profiles.Nursing managers can individually intervene ICU nurses according to the influencing factors of different potential profiles to reduce alarm fatigue.

关 键 词：重症监护病房护士 报警疲劳 潜在剖面分析 影响因素 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]