江西鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区夏季昆虫多样性初探  

Preliminary study on insect diversity in Jiangxi Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve in summer

作　　者：杨鑫 梅勇 舒国雷 黄莎 黄锦波 吴家展 王广利[1] Yang Xin;Mei Yong;Shu Guolei;Huang Sha;Huang Jinbo;Wu Jiazhan;Wang Guangli(College of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchan g Jiangxi 330045,China;Jiangxi Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve Authority,Nanchang Jiangxi 330038,China;Forestry Station of Jinshan District,Shanghai 201500,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区管理局,江西南昌330038 [3]上海市金山区林业站,上海201500

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2025年第3期41-47,53,共8页China Plant Protection

基　　金：FAO-CEF江西省湿地保护区体系示范项目(GEFID:4662)。

摘　　要：为了解江西鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区夏季湿地昆虫多样性,采用网捕、灯诱及踏查法分别对大湖池、沙湖和大汉湖湿地进行了昆虫多样性调查。收集昆虫种类隶属于11目69科154种。其中鳞翅目、鞘翅目和半翅目物种丰富,数量较多;天蛾科、金龟科和蜻科为主要优势种群,摇蚊科和龙虱科的相对丰盛度较高,分别达到14.15%和12.92%。通过多样性分析,大湖池、沙湖及大汉湖湿地昆虫的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与Simpson指数较高的依次是鳞翅目、半翅目、鞘翅目、直翅目和蜻蜓目,Pielou's均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数较高的是鳞翅目,Berger-Parker优势度指数较高的是鞘翅目。物种相对丰盛度分析结果显示摇蚊科和龙虱科昆虫为江西鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区不同湿地之间的优势种类。本次调查结果初步建立了江西鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区夏季湿地昆虫资源据库,为保护区的生物多样性保护与监测提供重要参考信息。The aim of this study was to understand the diversity insects inhabiting the wetlands of Jiangxi Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve during the summer months.A comprehensive investigation was conducted using net trapping,light trapping,and on-site surveys to assess the insect diversity of Dahuchi Lake,Shahu Lake,and Dacha Lake.A total of 154 insect species were collected,belonging to 69 families across 11 orders.Among these,Lepidoptera,Coleoptera,and Hemiptera exhibited particularly high species richness and abundance.Sphingidae,Scarabaeidae,and Libellulidae constituted the dominant populations,while Chironomidae and Dytiscidae exhibited higher relative abundance,reaching 14.15%and 12.92%,respectively.Through diversity analysis,the highest Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Simpson index of insects in Dahuchi Lake,Shahu Lake,and Dacha Lake wetlands were found to be Lepidoptera,Hemiptera,Elyoptera,Orthoptera,and Odonata.Pielou's evenness index and Margalef's abundance index were higher in Lepidoptera.Coleoptera was the predominant species,as indicated by a higher Berger-Parker dominance index.The results of species relative abundance analysis showed that Chironomidae and Dytiscidae were the dominant species in different wetlands of Jiangxi Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve.The results preliminarily established the insects database of wetlands in Jiangxi Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve in summer,providing important reference information for biodiversity protection and monitoring in the Reserve.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖 湿地 夏季昆虫 物种多样性 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学]